도라지 음악의 역사 상한선과 변천과정에 대한 연구

Abstract

The repertoires of the famous folk song Toraji 도라지 include the repertoires of guzheng and several folk song versions. The guzheng repertoire Kilgan 길간 is contained by Fujiwara no Nomoronaka who compiled Inji yorok. 『仁智要錄』. Toraji and Koryŏgok sang, 「高麗曲上』 11th book and folk songs are listed in the Folk song Research Sourcebook 『민요연구 자료집』 NO.1~9 which is published in North Korea. Inji yorok is was published in 1171. It is the time that Koguryŏ 高句麗 collapsed after 503 years and medieval Koryŏ 高麗 was established after 253 years. However zither was not used by Korean music performance in the Korean peninsula. The ancient literature of China and Japan, they called Koguryŏ and Koryŏ in the same way. Concern with Japan they combine Koguryŏ, Silla 新羅, Paekche 百濟, Parhae 渤海 music as Koryŏ music till Koguryŏ collapsed after 179 years. Through Koguryŏ music is still welcomed by China in the ninth century and Japanese zither music is already prevalent before the medieval Koryŏ was established that could verify zither music Kilgan is Koguryŏ music handed down from China to Japan rather than the medieval Koguryŏ music. Folk Song Research Sourcebook No.1~9 listed 8 Toraji songs including Ku Toraji t'aryŏng 구도라지타령 1, Ku Toraji t'aryŏng 2, Toraji 도라지 1, Toraji, Kin Toraji 긴도라지 1, Kin Toraji 2, Toraji t'aryŏng 도라지타령 and so on. Theses could be analyze in two parts kyemyŏnjo 界面調 and p'yŏngjo 平調. On the basis of kyemyŏnjo could verify that Ku Toraji t'aryŏng 1 and Ku Toraji t'aryŏng 2 have transformation relation meanwhile Ku Toraji t'aryŏng 1 and Toraji 1 have precedence relation then Ku Toraji t'aryŏng 2 and Toraji have precedence relation as well. According to p'yŏngjo could know that Kin Toraji 1, Kin Toraji 2, Toraji t'aryŏng these have in sequence relation and Toraji of kyemyŏnjo with Toraji t'aryŏng of p‘yŏngjo have transformation relation with each other. Therefore historically the Toraji music could trace as created Kilgan of the Koguryŏ period which is have at least 1350 years history. Due to the folk music Toraji transformation processes, it could divide in two parts, one hand is accordance with kyemyŏnjo system Ku Toraji t'aryŏng 1 and Ku Toraji t'aryŏng 2 ⟶ Toraji 1 and Toraji in the other hand accordance with pyŏngjo system could regard sequence as Kin Toraji 1 ⟶ Kin Toraji 2 ⟶ Toraji t'aryŏng.