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선거와 행복: 20대 대통령 선거에 따른 주관적 안녕감의 변화

Election and Happiness: Changes in Subjective Well-being Following the 20th South Korean Presidential Election

최인철|김영주|차승은|구자일
한국사회및성격심리학회|2023.02|한국심리학회지: 사회및성격 (Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology)|제37권 제1호|pp. 1-21|DOI 10.21193/kjspp.2023.37.1.001

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정서행복emotionhappinesssubjective well-being주관적 안녕감life satisfactionpresidential election대통령 선거삶 만족도
주제분류심리과학

초록

대통령 선거는 국가의 경제, 문화, 복지 등 사회 전반적으로 영향을 미치는 동시에 개인의 행복 경험에도 영향을 미치는 사회정치적 사건이다. 본 연구에서는 아직 국내에서 경험적으로 탐구되지 않은 선거와 행복의 관계를 탐구하기 위해 대규모 행복 횡단 자료(연구 1; N = 22,939)와 네 시점에 걸쳐 행복을 반복 측정한 종단 자료(연구 2; N = 833)를 사용하여 20대 대통령 선거 결과에 따른 행복의 변화를 탐색적으로 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 대통령 선거가 주관적 안녕감에 미치는 영향은 지지하는 후보자에 따라 차이가 있었다. 선거 결과를 긍정적으로 경험한 사람들(연구 1: 윤석열 득표율이 높은 지역 거주자, 연구 2: 윤석열 지지자)의 주관적 안녕감은 선거 전후로 차이가 없었던 반면, 선거 결과를 부정적으로 경험한 사람들(연구 1: 이재명 득표율이 높은 지역 거주자, 연구 2:이재명 지지자)의 주관적 안녕감은 선거 직후 큰 폭으로 감소했으며 이는 한 달 가까이 지속되는 양상을 보였다. 본 연구는 국내에서 처음으로 선거와 행복의 관계를 탐색했다는 의의가 있을 것이다. 나아가 본 연구 결과는 선거를 긍정적으로 경험하는 것보다 부정적으로 경험하는 것이 행복에 미치는 영향력이 더 클 수 있음을 시사한다.

Abstract

A presidential election is a sociopolitical event that not only influences the entire society, including the economy, culture, and politics, but also the happiness of individuals in the society. In this study, we aimed to empirically explore the association of a presidential election with happiness. To do so, we analyzed Subjective Well-Being (SWB) trajectories around the 20th presidential election held on 9th March 2022 by materializing large-scale cross-sectional data (Study 1; N = 22,939) and a repeated measure longitudinal data across four time points (Study 2; N = 833). The results indicated that the impact of the presidential election on SWB differed according to which presidential candidate one supported. The changes in SWB following the presidential election were not significant for those who experienced the election results positively (i.e., regions with a higher number of Yoon supporters & Yoon supporter). However, those who experienced the election results negatively (i.e., regions with a higher number of Lee supporters & Lee supporter) showed a significant dip in their SWB compared to before the election, and this decrease in SWB was maintained over a month. This study has implications in that it is the first study to examine the relationship between elections and happiness in South Korea. Interpretations and discussions of the results are further discussed in the General Discussion section.

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