광산배출 미세먼지의 특성 및 모니터링 방안
Review on Characteristics and Monitoring of Particulate Matter Emitted from Mining Operation
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초록
본 연구에서는 광산시설이나 현장에서 배출되는 광산 미세먼지의 특징과 이를 효과적으로 모니터링 할 수있는 방안에 대해 관련 최근 연구결과를 검토하였다. 광산 미세먼지는 파쇄, 광석 낙하 및 운송 등의 과정에서 많이 발생하는데, 극초미세먼지는 광산장비 내 디젤엔진가동이나 발파 작업에서도 많이 생성되는 것으로 보고되었다. 잠재적 배출원의 성상과 미세먼지의 성상(농도, 입도분포, 조성 등)을 비교분석하여 미세먼지 배출원 추적 및 기여도 파악이 가능하다. 광산먼지 모니터링 측면에서는 기존 중량법 적용 외에도 먼지입자의 농도, 입도 및 화학적 조성을 실시간 자동측정하는 기술이 활용되고 있다. 광산란법기반 자동모니터링 장비는 저가이고 휴대성이 좋으나, 광산먼지 모니터링 분야에 활용하려면 현장별 보정 및 데이터 처리절차 구축을 통한 신뢰성 제고가 필수적이다.
Abstract
This study reviewed the literature on both the characteristics of particulate matter (PM) emitted from mining facilities or sites and on effective PM monitoring practices. Results show that PM from mines were frequently generated during the ore processing stages crushing, dropping, and conveying. Significant quantities of PM1.0 were produced from the operation mine equipment with diesel engines or from blasting. It is possible to track PM emission sources by analyzing the properties of PM—including its concentration, size distribution, and composition—and by comparing these properties with those of potential sources. In terms of monitoring emissions from mines, real-time automatic measurements of PM concentration, size, and chemical composition thereof have been utilized in addition to existing methods such as gravitational analysis. The automatic monitoring equipment used, which is based on principles of light scattering, is cost-effective and portable. However, it should be applied carefully to mine PM monitoring as it is a necessary requirement to establish the site-specific calibration and data processing procedures to enhance its reliability.
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