효율적인 수사면담을 위한단축형 인지면담 개발
Developing the Shortened Cognitive Interview Procedure for Effective Investigation
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초록
본 연구는 시간적 제약이 많은 수사현장에서 보다 효과적인 면담기법이 될 수 있도록 ‘단축형 인지면담’을 개발하고, 그 효과성을 검증하고자 하였다. 단축형 인지면담을 개발하는 연구 1에서 참여자 168명은 간단한 절도사건을 다룬 비디오를 본 다음, 일주일 후 세 가지 단축형 인지면담 집단(맥락회복, 맥락회복+순서바꾸기, 맥락회복+관점바꾸기)과 통제집단(표준경찰면담)에 무선적으로 할당되었다. 각 집단의 처치 전ㆍ후에 따른 정확회상수 차이를 알아본 결과, 모든 단축형 인지면담 집단은 통제집단보다 많은 정확회상수를 보였으며, 세 가지 단축형 인지면담 집단간에는 유의미한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 그러나 오류회상수에 있어서는 맥락회복+순서바꾸기 집단이 다른 단축형 인지면담 집단과 통제집단보다 유의미하게 더 적었다. 연구 2에서는 연구 1에서 밝혀진 단축형 인지면담의 타당성과 효과성을 입증하고자 하였다. 이를 위해서 단축형 인지면담을 실시한 집단, 향상된 인지면담(ECI)을 실시한 집단, 그리고 통제집단의 정확회상수와 오류회상수를 알아 보았다. 109명의 참여자들은 비디오를 본 일주일 후, 단축형 인지면담, 향상된 인지면담 및 통제집단에 무선할당되었으며 연구자 2명이 구조화된 면담 질문지에 따라 개별면담을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 단축형 인지면담은 향상된 인지면담보다 더 적은 시간이 소요되었으며, 면담시간을 통제하였을 때 단축형 인지면담은 향상된 인지면담보다 정확회상수가 더 많았고, 오류회상수에서는 차이가 없었다. 따라서, 본 연구의 단축형 인지면담은 향상된 인지면담보다 면담시간이 적게 소요되면서 정확한 정보를 더 많이 산출시키는 기법인 것으로 나타났다. 주요어：인지면담, 단축형 인지면담, 향상된 인지면담, 기억 회상
Abstract
This research developed the shortened cognitive interview(SCI) that have used effectively at interviewing with eyewitness, victims, and suspects, then examined shortened cognitive interview's effects. Research 1 was examined the effects of CR, CR+RO, CR+CP mnemonic for developing the shortened cognitive interview. Seven days after watching a video-recording of a theft event, 168 participants were randomly allocated to either the experimental group(CR, CR+RO, CR+CP) or the control group. By the result, it's no significantly difference between experimental groups for correct recalls. but CR+RO has significantly less incorrect recalls than other three groups. Therefore, the shortened cognitive interview is consist of CR and RO. Research 2 was examined the effects of the shortened cognitive interview to compare with enhanced cognitive interview(ECI). Seven days after watching a video-recording, 109 participants were randomly allocated to either the experimental groups(ECI, SCI) or the control group. Two interviewer conduct interviewing through the structured interview questionnaire. The SCI has significantly shorter times for interviewing and more correct recalls than ECI. Key words：Cognitive interview, Shortened cognitive interview, Enhanced cognitive interview, Recall
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- then examined shortened cognitive interview's effects, "that have used effectively at interviewing with eyewitness"
- or the control group, "Research 1 was examined the effects of CR CR+CP mnemonic for developing the shortened cognitive interview Seven days after watching a video-recording of a theft event 168 participants were randomly allocated to either the experimental group it's no significantly difference between experimental groups for correct recalls the shortened cognitive interview is consist of CR and RO", but CR+RO has significantly less incorrect recalls than other three groups
- or the control group, "Research 2 was examined the effects of the shortened cognitive interview to compare with enhanced cognitive interview Seven days after watching a video-recording 109 participants were randomly allocated to either the experimental groups Two interviewer conduct interviewing through the structured interview questionnaire The SCI has significantly shorter times for interviewing and more correct recalls than ECI"
- or the control group, "Research 2 was examined the effects of the shortened cognitive interview to compare with enhanced cognitive interview Seven days after watching a video-recording 109 participants were randomly allocated to either the experimental groups Two interviewer conduct interviewing through the structured interview questionnaire The SCI has significantly shorter times for interviewing and more correct recalls than ECI"