복수 가해자 사건에 대한 목격자 증언 정확성 재고: 타임라인 기법의 검증
Consideration of Eyewitness Testimony in Multiple Offender Crime: Verification about Timeline Technique
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초록
본 연구는 복수 가해자가 포함된 복잡한 범죄 사건에서 목격자의 회상을 촉진하기 위한 새로운 기법인 타임라인 기법의 효과성을 국내에서 검증하기 위한 목적으로 실시되었다. 새로운 면담기법의 효과성을 검증하기 위하여 본 연구의 목적인 타임라인 기법을 개방형 면담 기법 중 가장 흔하게 사용하고 있는 자유회상 기법과 다양한 측면에서 그 효과성을 비교하였다. 본 연구는 남성 33명, 여성 70명 총 103명의 성인 남녀를 대상으로 총 3명의 가해자가 포함된 모의 강도 영상을 통해 실험을 실시하였다. 효과성 검증을 위해 전체 보고 수, 정확률, 오류 비율(순서오류, 매칭오류), 권력관계 추론, 진술 확신도의 측면에서 분석하였으며, 연구결과 자유회상 기법이 전체 보고 수가 더 많은 반면 타임라인 기법의 경우 정확률과 권력관계 추론 정확성이 더 높았고 순서오류가 더 적게 나타났다. 매칭오류 비율과 진술 확신도는 유의미한 차이를 나타내지 않았으며, 추가적인 분석에서 성별효과 또한 발견되지 않았다. 본 연구는 국내에서 목격자 진술 정확성을 높이기 위한 새로운 진술 기법을 검증함과 동시에 기존에 사용되는 면담 기법들을 보완해줄 수 있는 새로운 진술 기법을 국내에 소개하였다는 점에서 그 의의가 있다.
Abstract
Current study was conducted to verify the effectiveness of a Timeline Technique for facilitating the recall of witnesses in complex crime cases involved multiple offender. To verify the effectiveness of the new interviewing technique, the Timeline Technique, we compared its effectiveness with the free recall technique widely used in various aspects. Current study involved a total of 103 adult participants, consisting of 33 males and 70 females, who were shown a mock robbery video involved three offenders. In order to assess effectiveness, the study analyzed the number of overall reporting details, accuracy rate, error rates (sequence errors, matching errors), inference of leadership, and confidence. The results of the study showed that Timeline Technique exhibited higher accuracy and leadership inference accuracy, and fewer sequence errors. There were no significant differences in matching error rates and statement confidence, and few gender effects were found in additional analyses. Current study is significant in that it verify a new testimony technique to improve the accuracy of witness testimony in domestic settings and introduces a new technique that can complement existing interview techniques.
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