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코로나19 이후 아프리카 SIDS의 관광산업 회복과 시사점

The Recovery and Implications of Tourism in Africa's SIDS After COVID-19

김성수|권영승
한국아프리카학회 (Korean Association Of African Studies)|2023.06|한국아프리카 학회지 (Journal of the Korean Association of African Studies)|제68권 |pp. 3-28

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코로나19COVID-19Africa아프리카Tourism관광산업MauritiusSIDS모리셔스
주제분류학제간연구

초록

코로나19는 전 세계의 SIDS(Small Island Developing States, 군소도서개발도상국)에게 커다란 재앙으로 다가왔다. 대부분의 SIDS는 국가 경제가 관광산업에 크게 의존하고 있으며, 내수시장이 협소하고 수출의 다각화 수준이 낮은 특징을 보여 왔다. 아프리카의 SIDS는 국가적인 차원에서 위기를 타개하려는 노력을 보여주고 있으며, 일부는 예상보다 빠르게 재건의 길로 나아가고 있다. 본 연구는 SIDS의 관광산업 회복을 위해 국제사회가 제시하는 방안들을 살펴보고, 아프리카의 SIDS가 시행하고 있는 정책의 적절성과 그 한계를 분석하였다. 특히 관광산업 회복을 성공적으로 달성하고 있는 모리셔스를 사례 국가로 선정하여, 아프리카의 SIDS가 관광산업의 지속 가능성과 외부 충격으로부터의 복원력 향상으로 나아가기 위한 경로를 탐색하였다. 코로나19의 대유행은 아프리카 SIDS에 관광산업의 회복과 함께 지속 가능한 발전계획이 동반되어야 함을 상기시킨다.

Abstract

COVID-19 has been a major disaster for Small Island Developing States (SIDS) around the world. Most SIDS are heavily dependent on tourism for their economies, and are characterized by small domestic markets and low levels of export diversification. African SIDS have demonstrated efforts to address the crisis at the national level, and some are on the road to recovery faster than expected. This study examines the international community's proposals for tourism recovery in SIDS and analyzes the adequacy and limitations of the policies implemented by SIDS in Africa. In particular, Mauritius, a country that has successfully recovered its tourism industry, was selected as a case study to explore the pathways for SIDS in Africa to move towards tourism sustainability and resilience to external shocks. The COVID-19 pandemic reminds African SIDS that tourism recovery must be accompanied by sustainable development goals.

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