인권문제에 대한 로티의 실용주의적 관점

Abstract

Those who believe that human rights is related with our universal human nature, think that there exists what distinguishes essentially human being from animal. However, it is not so clear what it means to say that man has human rights. Does it mean that every man has something innate in him or there is a situation in which someone is suffered from the unjust power? On the one hand, most kantian philosophers, who agree with the former, believe human rights is based on the universal human nature such as reason and morality. On the other hand, darwinian pragmatic philosophers, who agree with the latter, do not think there is such a thing. In this article, I have reviewed Rorty's pragmatic point of view on human rights and the critics of the kantian philosophers such as N. Geras and B. Willims. Rorty regards A. Baier as his supporter, who believes the moral progress of humankind will be possible only when we expand our moral sentiment. Rorty does not think that we should know the universal truth in order to make a moral judgement. Critics of Rorty argue that his view on human nature break down the moral foundation that gives us a superiority to Nazi. However, I agree with Rorty in that we do not need knowledge but sentiment to our colleagues' suffering in order to achieve moral progress. In this article, I just wanted show the reason why Rorty believes so.