수업설계자의 관계론적 역량모델 개발
Development of Relational Competency Model for Instructional Designer
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초록
수업설계자의 역량을 개발하는 전통적인 접근논리의 기저에는 전문가로서의 수업설계자에게 필요한 역량을 독립적, 체계적으로 축적하면 전문가가 된다는 환원론적 가정과 역량과 역량간, 역량과 역량이 발휘되는 환경간의 역동적이고 상호의존적인 관계를 고려하지 않는 개체론적 가정이 자리잡고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 환원론적·개체론적 가정에 근거하고 있는 전통적인 역량모델의 한계와 문제점을 비판적으로 논의하고, 수업설계자가 갖추어야 될 다양한 역량간의 역동적인 관계를 고려하는 관계론적 역량모델을 개발하였다. 수업설계자에 대한 관계론적 역량모델을 개발하기 위해서 심층면담을 실시한 결과, 특정 수업설계자의 역량은 다른 역량과 상호보완적이면서 상호의존적으로 발휘되고 습득되며, 수업설계가 이루어지는 실제는 개인이 통제할 수 없는 다양한 환경적 변수들이 관여되고 있음이 밝혀졌다. 또한 설계자가 가진 신념이나 가치관 등의 정의적 요소에 의해 역량 발휘가 촉진되거나 저해된다는 점도 밝혀졌다. 따라서 수업설계자의 역량은 역량과 역량간, 역량과 역량이 발휘되는 환경, 설계자의 정의적 요소와 역량과의 관계성 속에서 이해되고 접근되어야 함을 파악하였다. 본 연구의 결과 관계론적 역량의 핵심구인으로는 전문적 가치역량, 사회적 관계역량, 개인적 설계역량이 도출되었다. 이 세 가지 역량요인은 상호보완적이며 상호의존적인 관계를 맺고 있으며 수업설계자의 전문성이 발휘되는데 핵심적이고 필수적인 요소이다. 결론적으로 본 연구는 전문적인 수업설계자가 되려면 전문적 설계역량 이외에 전문적 설계역량에 영향을 미치는 개인적 가치역량은 물론 수업설계과정에 직·간접적으로 영향을 미치는 사회적 관계역량을 종합적으로 고려하는 역량모델을 개발, 육성할 필요가 있다는 점을 주장한다.
Abstract
Competencies for instructional designers has been verified to be a factor that affects the result of successful instruction. However, the assumption that systematic training based on competencies deducted from the high performer’s capacities can improve instructional designer's performance has been in doubt, and methods to approach to competency where a competency model based on expertise that a traditional competency model defines does not actually contribute to the instructional designer's practices and performance. This research, directed to overcome the limitations of and problems with existing competency model for instructional designer, intends to develop the relational competency model with properties, at its core; relationship between competency and other dimensions, competency and the designer’s affective factors, and competency and affecting environmental elements, that are distinctive from existing individual competency models. With the result from document studies related to instructional designer's competency and in-depth interviews with experienced and expert instructional designer, the core factors of relational competency were identified as follows: personal value competency, social relationship competency and expert design competency. These three competency elements are mutually complementary and interdependent, so they are fundamental and necessary competencies for an instruction designer to get competitive performance. To be an expert instructional designer, one has to wholly comprehend not only expert designing competencies, but also personal value competencies and social relationship competencies, which reciprocally affect expert instructional designer's activities.
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