『天下全輿總圖』에 대한 비판적 고찰

Abstract

Tianxia Quanyu Zongtu (world map) is a western styled world map made by Moyitong in 1763 based on world maps of western missionaries, referring to Tianxia Zhufan Zhigongtu (a painting of the envoys paying tribute) in 1418. The overall form of map is based on the world map of western missionaries, and the traditional place names were written in reference to Tianxia Zhufan Zhigongtu. When analyzing the style of map and the form of continent, Tianxia Quanyu Zongtu was drawn based on the world map of hemisphere such as Fervist's Kunyu quantu (world map), rather than the world map of Matteo Rich's Kunyu wanguo quantu (world map). It was not imitated as it was, but some areas were arbitrary variation. The annotation written on the map are related to the natural environment, race, religion, and customs of each region, and are referenced in the world geography such as Zhifang waiji (records of the lands beyond the imperial administration). In conclusion, Tianxia Quanyu Zongtu is not a recently made counterfeit, but as a result of cultural exchanges between the West and the East, it is a world map made in the middle of the 18th century in China.