온도, 아미노산 및 폴리아민이 고추의 화분 발아에 미치는 영향
The Influence of Temperature, Amino acid and Polyamine on Pollen Germination of Pepper(Capsicum annum L.)
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본 연구는 노지채소 작물인 고추를 대상으로 이상 고온조건을 인위적으로 부여하여 화분발아력을 검정하며, 이상 고온에서의 화분발아력을 향상시킬 수 있는 방법을 강구하기 위해 수행되었다. 고추에서 화분 발아에 최적온도는 25℃였고, 27.5℃와 30℃에서는 화분발아율이 낮았다. 화분발아에 적합한 sucrose 농도는 10~15%였고, 30% 이상의 농도에서는 화분 발아율이 감소하였다. 화분발아 배지의 적정 pH 5.5～6.5였고 이들 조건에서 화분발아율이 높았고, 화분관 신장도 좋았다. 화분 채취시간에 따른 화분 발아율은 채취 시간에 따라 차이가 있었다. 전반적으로 오전 10시에 채취한 화분에서 발아율이 가장 높았고, 반면 오후에 채취한 화분일수록 화분활력이 저하되었다. 화분발아 배지에 아미노산인 asparagine과 glutamine를 첨가하면 고온에서 화분발아율이 향상되었다. 또한 폴리아민류인 putrescine과 spermine도 화분 발아율을 향상시켰다. 전반적으로 고온에서 고추 화분발아성을 증진시킬 수 있는 첨가물질 및 처리농도는 supermine 1 mM 처리였고, 대조구에 비해 화분발아율이 15.0% 향상되었다.
Abstract
Evaluation of pollen viability was conducted for peppers and methods for improving pollen germination under abnormally high temperatures were studied. Optimum temperature for pollen germination was 25℃, but percent germination decreased at 27.5℃ and 30℃. Concentration of sucrose and pH of the medium that is proper for higher pollen percent germination and pollen tube growth was 10~15% and 5.5~6.5, respectively. Pollen percent germination was different depending on the pollen collection time during a day. Generally, pollens collected at 10 in the morning showed the highest percent germination, while decreased pollen viability was observed as collected late in the afternoon. Pollen percent germination was improved when two amino acids, asparagine and glutamine were added in the pollen germination medium. In addition, putrescine and spermine also improved pollen percent germination. Overall, an additive and its concentration for enhanced pollen germination at high temperature in pepper was found in the treatment of 1 mM of supermine, which increased germination rate by 15.0% as compared to control.
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