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Science in the Public Sphere during the Cold War Era: In the Case of Classrooms, the Media, and Museums

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미국학연구소 (American Studies Institute)|2022.12|미국학 (American Studies)|제45권 제2호|pp. 101-142|DOI 10.18078/amstin.2022.45.2.004

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키워드

science museumscience educationCold War Americamedia coverage of science
주제분류학제간연구

초록

The politics, economy, and culture of the Cold War reshaped science in America. The federal government wielded substantial influence over scientific practices with various federal agencies, and the wartime practice continued at the military-industry-university complex. Scientists, as “manpower” for international competition, stretched their leverage in political and public realms. Public perception of science also reflected the features of Cold War science. Public schools experienced the changes caused by the enactment of federal education policies, the rise of discipline-centered education, and new textbooks written by scientists. In mass media, two major topics of Cold War science, atom and space, frequently appeared in arousing ways, sometimes deviating from the expectation of public education. Finally, science museums emphasized their mission to educate broader audiences with new subjects and pedagogy. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of postwar America, bridging the scholars between American Studies and the history of science.

Abstract

The politics, economy, and culture of the Cold War reshaped science in America. The federal government wielded substantial influence over scientific practices with various federal agencies, and the wartime practice continued at the military-industry-university complex. Scientists, as “manpower” for international competition, stretched their leverage in political and public realms. Public perception of science also reflected the features of Cold War science. Public schools experienced the changes caused by the enactment of federal education policies, the rise of discipline-centered education, and new textbooks written by scientists. In mass media, two major topics of Cold War science, atom and space, frequently appeared in arousing ways, sometimes deviating from the expectation of public education. Finally, science museums emphasized their mission to educate broader audiences with new subjects and pedagogy. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of postwar America, bridging the scholars between American Studies and the history of science.

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