주요 국가별 SW산업 효율성 분석을 통한 글로벌 혁신경쟁력 비교
Competitiveness comparison of global innovation through analysis of SW industry efficiency in major countries
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초록
4차 산업혁명 시대에서는 소프트웨어(이하 SW) 경쟁력이 국가 경쟁력으로 평가받을 만큼 그 중요성이 강조되고 있다. 글로벌 주요국에서는 오랜 기간 SW산업 육성을 전략적으로 추진함에 따라 각 국가별 SW산업의 특징이 존재하며, 분야별, 시기별 SW산업의 경쟁력 차이가 존재함을 알 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 주요국 8개를 대상으로 SW 산업의 기술혁신성을 SW산업 세부 분야 2개 및 10년 단위로 2개 기간으로 나누어서 살펴보았다. SFA(Stochastic Frontier Analysis)를 통해 그룹 내의 효율성을 분석하였고, MFA(Meta-Frontier Analysis)를 통해 그룹 간의 효율성을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 컴퓨터 시스템 설계 및 관련 서비스 분야(NAICS 5415)에서는 영국의 기술격차 및 기술적 효율성이 가장 높음을 알 수 있었다. 소프트웨어 개발 및 공급업 분야(NAICS 511210)는 글로벌 국가 전체의 경쟁이 치열했고, 한국, 중국의 높은 기술격차와 프랑스, 미국의 기술 효율성이 높음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이 연구를 통해 각 국가별 SW정책 및 SW산업 생태계 차이에 따른 SW산업의 기술격차 및 혁신 결과를 살펴볼 수 있었으며, 앞으로의 중장기적 SW산업육성 정책수립에 있어 시사점을 제공하였다.
Abstract
In the era of the 4th industrial revolution, the importance of software(SW) competitiveness is being emphasized enough to be evaluated as national competitiveness. As global major countries have strategically promoted the development of the SW industry for a long time, it can be seen that the SW industry of each country has its own characteristics, and the competitiveness of the SW industry varies by field and period. In this study, the technology innovation of the SW industry was examined in eight major countries by dividing into two sub-fields of the SW industry and two periods in 10-year increments. The efficiency within the group was analyzed through SFA(Stochastic Frontier Analysis), and the efficiency between groups was analyzed through MFA(Meta-Frontier Analysis). As a result, in the field of computer system design and related services (NAICS 5415), it was found that the technical gap and technology efficiency in the UK were the highest. In the field of SW development and supply (NAICS 511210), it was found that competition across global countries was fierce and that Korea and China have a high technology gap and that France and the United States have high technology efficiency. Through this study, it was possible to examine the technology gap and innovation results of the SW industry according to the SW policy and SW industry ecosystem differences in each country, and provided implication for the establishment of the policy to foster the SW industry in the future.
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