랜드마크의 의미범주간 대비가 길찾기에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) Wayfinding is a very important issue in a city. Landmarks are a physical environmental element of a city that plays a very important role in the wayfinding process. In order for people to find their way well, they must remember landmarks, and for this, landmarks must have a strong contrast with their surroundings. There are many ways to generate this singularity, but it is also possible through contrast of meaning, which is a non-physical feature. Therefore, this study aims to propose an effective design direction of landmarks by revealing the effect of meaning contrast of landmarks on singularity. (Method) The contrast of the meaning of the landmarks was set as an independent variable and the level was set through the difference in the meaning category. The level of singularity category is group A of objects of the same category and a group of objects of different categories. The group of different categories is further classified into groups of group contrast and individual contrast. Group contrast is a B group in which one object has a meaning category contrast with another category of group, and has a 1:3 category contrast. Also, Individual contrast is a C group in which an object has a contrast of individual objects and each meaning category, and has a category contrast of 1:1:1:1. Next, the singularity of the landmarks was set as a dependent variable and measured through memory. Memory consists of an input process in which information is stored and an output process in which information is played, but the input process cannot be measured separately, so memory was measured through recall. Recall measured the score of recall accuracy, which is the level of how well it recalled, and recall speed, which is the level of how fast it recalled. (Results) First, it was confirmed that the contrast of meaning categories by group had a positive effect on recall accuracy, and that the contrast of meaning categories by individual did not affect recall accuracy. In addition, no significant results were found in both the contrast of meaning categories by group and the contrast of meaning categories by individual. (Conclusions) This study proposed a new design direction for designing landmarks that help wayfinding. Landmarks can have singularity not only through physical characteristics such as shape and size, but also through the contrast of meanings, which are non-physical characteristics. In particular, landmarks designed to be different categories from surrounding objects can be helpful for wayfinding. At this time, the surrounding objects can function more effectively when they are composed of relatively similar categories of objects. This study is significant in proposing new directions for effective landmark design and quantitative measurement of non-physical concepts.