외인성 척수 손상 후 규칙적인 운동이 별아교세포 이주 및 신경 재생 신호전달경로에 미치는 효과
The Effects of Regular Exercise on Astrocyte Migrating and Signaling Pathway to Nerve Regeneration After Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury
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본 연구의 목적은 외인성 척수 손상 후 규칙적인 트레드밀 운동이 손상된 척수 내 별아교세포(Astrocytes) 이주와 신경 재생관련 단백질 신호전달 경로에 미치는 효과를 조사하는 것이다. 모든 쥐는 무작위 표본 추출법(Random sampling)으로 정상 대조집단(Normal control: Norm, n=7), 척수 손상(spinal cord injury; SCI) 후 좌식생활집단(SCI + Sedentary; SSED, n=7), 척수 손상 후 운동집단(SCI+Treadmill exercise; STEX, n=7) 총 3 집단으로 구분하였다. SCI 후 2주 동안의 휴식 기간을 가졌고, 이후 6주간 동안 저강도의 트레드밀 걷기 운동을 수행하였다. STEX는 SSED에 비해 별아교세포(Astrocyte)의 발현과 강(cavity) 경계선으로의 astrocyte 이동을 유의하게 상향조절하였다. STEX가 SSED보다 축삭 재생의 지표인 GAP-43는 높게, 세포사멸의 지표인 caspase-3는 유의하게 낮게 발현되는 것으로 나타났고, PI3K/AKT/mTOR 모두 STEX가 SSED보다 발현 수준이 높게 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 규칙적인 운동이 척수 손상 후 별아교세포의 이동과 척수 재생에 효과적인 재활 방법이될 수 있다는 새로운 정보를 제시한다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of regular treadmill exercise on astrocyte migration and regeneration-related signaling pathways after extrinsic spinal cord injury (SCI). All rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control (Norm, n=7), sedentary group after SCI (SCI + Sedentary; SSED, n=7), and exercise group after SCI (SCI+Treadmill exercise; STEX, n=7). After SCI, all animals in SCI group give a rest for 2 weeks and then low-intensity treadmill exercise was performed for 6 weeks. STEX significantly up-regulated astrocyte migration around and within the cavity after SCI compared to SSED. STEX showed higher expression of GAP-43, an indicator of axon regeneration, and significantly lower expression of caspase-3, an indicator of cell death, than SSED. The expression levels of PI3K/AKT/mTOR were all higher in STEX than in SSED. The results of this study provide critical information that regular exercise might be an effective rehabilitation method for the migration of astrocytes and axonal regeneration after SCI.
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