Expression of Ski in the Follicles of eCG-primed Immature Hypophysectomized Rat Ovary
2
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Sloan-Kettering virus gene, a product of a cellular protooncogene c-Ski is a unique nuclear pro-oncoprotein and belongs to the Ski/Sno proto-oncogene family. The aim of the present study was to locate Ski protein in rat ovaries in order to find insights into the possible involvement of Ski in follicular development and atresia. Ovaries obtained on the day of estrus were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis for Ski and PCNA in combination with TUNEL. Ski was expressed in granulosa cells that were positive for TUNEL, but negative for PCNA, regardless of the shape and size of the follicles. Expression of Ski in (TUNEL)-positive granulosa cells, but not in(PCNA)-positive granulosa cells, was verified in immature hypophysectomized rats having a single generation of developing and atretic follicles by treatment with equine chorionic gonadotropin(eCG). These results indicate that Ski is profoundly expressed in the granulosa cells of atretic follicles, but not in growing follicles. Based on the present findings, Ski has maybe played plays a role in apoptosis of granulosa cells during follicular atresia.
Abstract
Sloan-Kettering virus gene, a product of a cellular protooncogene c-Ski is a unique nuclear pro-oncoprotein and belongs to the Ski/Sno proto-oncogene family. The aim of the present study was to locate Ski protein in rat ovaries in order to find insights into the possible involvement of Ski in follicular development and atresia. Ovaries obtained on the day of estrus were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis for Ski and PCNA in combination with TUNEL. Ski was expressed in granulosa cells that were positive for TUNEL, but negative for PCNA, regardless of the shape and size of the follicles. Expression of Ski in (TUNEL)-positive granulosa cells, but not in(PCNA)-positive granulosa cells, was verified in immature hypophysectomized rats having a single generation of developing and atretic follicles by treatment with equine chorionic gonadotropin(eCG). These results indicate that Ski is profoundly expressed in the granulosa cells of atretic follicles, but not in growing follicles. Based on the present findings, Ski has maybe played plays a role in apoptosis of granulosa cells during follicular atresia.
참고문헌 (32)
- Akiyoshi, S., "c-Ski acts as a transcriptional co-repressor in transforming growth factor-b signaling through interaction with smads", J. Biol. Chem, 274, pp.35269~35277 (1999)
- Ambrose, MR., "Expression of the c-Ski proto-oncogene during cell cycle arrest and myogenic differentiation. DNA", Cell. Biol, 14, pp.701~707 (1995)
- Asai, S., "Reproductive endocrinology in Hatano high- and low-avoidance rats during the estrous cycle", Endocrine, 18, pp.161~166 (2002)
- Barak, Y., "Mdm2 expression is induced by wild type p53 activity", EMBO. J, 12, pp.461~468 (1993)
- Berk, M., "Mice lacking the Ski proto-oncogene have defects in neurulation, craniofacial, patterning, and skeletal muscle development", Genes and Development, 11, pp.2029~2039 (1997)
- Boone, DL., "Induction of apoptosis in eCG-primed rat ovaries by anti-eCG antibody", Biol. Reprod, 57, pp.420~427 (1997)
- Buckbinder, L., "Induction of the growth inhibitor IGF-binding protein 3 by p53", Nature, 377, pp.646~649 (1995)
- Byskov, AG, "Atresia, In Ovarian Follicular Development and Function", pp.41~58 (1979), Plenum Press
- Colmenares, C., "The Ski oncogene induces muscle differentiation in quail embryo cells", Cell, 59, pp.293~303 (1989)
- El-Diery, WS., "WAF1, a potential mediator of p53 tumor suppression", Cell, 75, pp.817~825 (1993)
- Hori, T., "Pituitary regulation of preovulatory estrogen secretion in the rat", Endocrinol. Jpn, 16, pp.351~360 (1969)
- Kastan, MB., "A mammalian cell cycle checkpoit pathway utilizing p53 and GADD45 is defective in ataxia-telangiectasia", Cell, 71, pp.587~597 (1992)
- Kawabata, M., "Intracellular signaling of the TGF-b superfamily by Smad proteins", Ann. NYA. Cad. Sci, 886, pp.73~82 (1999)
- Knight, PG, "TGF-β superfamily members and ovarian development", Reproduction, 132, pp.191~206 (2006)
- Luo, K., "The Ski oncoprotein interacts with the Smad proteins to repress TGF-β signaling", Genes. Dev, 13, pp.2196~2206 (1999)
- Lyons, G.E., "Protooncogene c-Ski is expressed in both proliferating and post mitotic neuronal populations", Developmental Dynamics, 201, pp.354~365 (1994)
- Mahesh, VB, "The dynamic interaction between steroids and gonadotropins in the mammalian ovulatory cycle", Neuro sci. Bio. Behave. Rev, 2, pp.245~260 (1985)
- Manabe, N., "Regulation mechanism of selective atresia in porcine follicles: Regulation of granulosa cell apoptosis during atresia", J. Reprod. Dev, 50, pp.493~514 (2004)
- McNatty, KP., "Oocyte-expressed genes affecting ovulation rate", Mol. Cell. Endocrinol, 234, pp.57~66 (2005)
- Miyashita, T., "Tumor suppressor p53 is a direct transcriptional activator of the human bax gene", Cell, 80, pp.293~299 (1995)
- Muller, M., "Drug-induced apoptosis in hepatoma cells is mediated by the CD95(APO-1", Fas) receptor, J. Clin. Invest, pp.1997, 99[DOI]
- Nagase, T., "Requirement of protein co-factor for the DNA-binding function of the human Ski proto-oncogene product", Nucleic. Acids. Res, 18, pp.337~343 (1990)
- Nicol, R., "Transcriptional repression by v-Ski and c-Ski mediated by a specific DNA binding site", J. Biol Chem, 273, pp.3588~3597 (1988)
- Shinagawa, T., "Increased susceptibility to tumorigenesis of Ski-deficient heterozygous mice", Oncogene, 20, pp.8100~8108 (2001)
- Soeta, C., "Possible role for the c-Ski gene in the proliferation of myogenic cells in regenerating skeleta lmuscles of rats", Development Growth&Differentiation, 43, pp.155~164 (2001)
- Sun, Y., "Interaction of the Ski oncoprotein with Smad3 regulates TGF-β signaling", Mol. Cell, 4, pp.499~509 (1999)
- Sun, Y., "SnoN and Ski protooncoproteins are rapidly degraded in response to transforming growth factor-β signaling", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 96, pp.12442~12447 (1999)
- Sutrave, P., "Characterization of chicken c-Ski oncogene products expressed by retrovirus vectors", Mol. Cell. Biol, 10, pp.3137~3144 (1990)
- Sutrave, P., "Ski can cause selective growth of skeletal muscle in transgenic mice", Genes. Dev, 4, pp.1462~1472 (1990)
- Wu, JW., "Structural mechanism of Smad4 recognition by the nuclear oncoprotein Ski: Insights on Ski-mediated repression of TGF-β signaling", Cell, 111, pp.357~367 (2002)
- Yamanouchi, K., "Endometrial expression of cellular protooncogene c-Ski and its regulation by estradiol-17β", FEBS. Lett, 449, pp.273~276 (1999)
- Yamanouchi, K., "Progesterone pretreatment inhibits the expression of c-Ski mRNA and epithelial cell proliferation induced by estrogen in the rat uterus", J. Reprod. Dev, 46, pp.257~263 (2000)