The Role of Social Media in Identity Formation and Acculturation Among Young Turkish Immigrants in Germany

Abstract

This study examines how religious identity and social media use affect the cultural adaptation of third- and fourth-generation Turks in Germany. Set against the backdrop of a Christian-majority society, the research explores how Islamic identity can both challenge and shape integration experiences. Using a mixed-methods approach—surveys and qualitative interviews—the study finds that stronger religious identity correlates with lower levels of acculturation, particularly among those less engaged with German social media. Separated individuals showed stronger religious ties, while assimilated and integrated groups were more active on German platforms. Turkish social media was popular among separated and integrated individuals. Other influential factors include gender, age, student status, economic background, visits to Turkey, and Turkish language proficiency, with women and younger students showing higher adaptability. The findings highlight the interplay between media use and cultural identity, emphasizing the role of communication channels in shaping immigrant acculturation and contributing to broader integration research.