하동 쌍계사 명부전 목지장시왕상 연구

Abstract

This article analyzes the iconography and stylistic characteristics the Wooden Ksitigarbha and Ten Underworld Kings statue of Myeongbujeon(冥府殿) Hall at Ssanggyesa(雙磎寺) Temple, which was produced in 1644, to confirm the timing of production and estimate the artist. The statue of Myeongbujeon Hall at Ssanggyesa Temple was made five years after the statue of Daeungjeon Hall was enshrined in 1639. The statue of Myeongbujeon Hall at Ssanggyesa Temple consists of a total of 23rd places, including 1 Ksitigarbha, 1 Monk Domyeong(道明尊者), 1 Mudokguiwang(無毒鬼王), 10 Ten Kings of Underworld(十王), 2 Spirit King(鬼王), 2 Court Official of Underworld(判官), 2 Buddhist Boy(童子), 2 Divine messenger(使者), and 2 Divine Warrior(將軍), which are believed to have been passed down as they were produced in 1644, without destruction. The 23 statue of Myeongbujeon Hall at Ssanggyesa Temple are the least composed of statue of Myeongbujeon Hall of the late Joseon Dynasty. In particular, it was revealed that Buddhist Boy statue is composed of two statues, and it is a composition of ancient times in that it shows the composition of the statue before it was settled into 10 statues in the late Joseon Dynasty. The 2 Buddhist Boy statue of Myeongbujeon Hall at Ssanggyesa Temple is a composition of the statue in the process of change, which is settled into 10 in the late Joseon Dynasty. It is necessary to adjust the arrangement of Spirit King and Court Official of Underworld for the statue of Myeongbujeon Hall at Ssanggyesa Temple. In the late Joseon Dynasty, due to the influence of Confucian society, Spirit King tends to be superior to Court Official of Underworld, but in the first half of the 17th century, when the late Joseon Dynasty began, it is highly likely that Court Official of Underworld was superior to Spirit King according to the arrangement of the scriptures. According to the records of the composition, the place of enshrinement of the statue of Myeongbujeon Hall at Ssanggyesa Temple is clearly Ssanggyesa Temple, and the composition date is 1644. The iconographic characteristic of the statue of Myeongbujeon Hall at Ssanggyesa Temple is that it has inherited the iconography of the 16th century and is attempting new changes. It is highly likely that the statue of Myeongbujeon Hall at Ssanggyesa Temple was made by the same sculptor as the one who produced the Nahanjeon(羅漢殿) Hall at Ssanggyesa Temple. It is believed that the statue of Myeongbujeon and Nahanjeon hall in 1644 was made through the collaboration of Monk Eunghye(應惠), centering on monk Seungil(勝日), a sculptor. It is highly likely that the statue of Myeongbujeon Hall at Ssanggyesa Temple was led by Monk Eunghye, who served as the representative sculptor of the Wooden Ksitigarbha and Ten Underworld Kings statue at Yongyeon Temple (1643).