본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

생활-학습공동체에서의 학습경험과 대학 1학년 교육을 위한 설계원칙: 교수자의 인식을 중심으로

Design Principles for ‘First-Year Experience’ of College Students in Living-Learning Community from Teachers’ Point of View

0

조회

0

다운로드

6

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

주제분류교육학

초록

대학 1학년은 개인의 생애에서 특별한 의미를 지닌다. 1학년 경험의 중요성에 비해 국내에서의 연구는 다소 미흡한 상태이다. 성공적인 1학년 경험은 신입생들이 자신의 정체성을 찾고, 학업이나 사회적 기술을 익히며, 통합된 삶의 철학을 갖추게 한다. 1학년 경험에서 생활을 같이 하면서 이루어지는 생활-학습공동체는 특별한 의미를 가진다. 생활-학습공동체는 1학년 경험을 풍요롭게 하고 개인적 성장에 촉매의 역할을 할뿐만 아니라 강의실위주의 대학교육을 벗어나 교과, 비교과 교육과정의 연계를 바탕으로 한 교육혁신의 기회를 제공한다. 본 연구는 1학년 경험과 생활-학습공동체를 결합한 국내 대학의 기숙교육 사례를 바탕으로 1학년 교육의 혁신을 위한 생활-학습공동체 설계원칙에 대해 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 기숙환경에서 신입생들이 어떠한 변화를 겪었으며, 그 변화의 원인이 무엇인지, 효과적인 설계를 위한 원칙이 어떠한지에 대해 해당 대학의 경험있는 교수자들을 대상으로 설문하고 서면인터뷰를 실시하였다. 설문과 서면인터뷰에는 14명의 교수자가 참여했으며 그 중 일부와 초점그룹면담을 실시하였다. 초점그룹면담을 두 차례 실시하여 설문 및 인터뷰 결과를 논의하고 설계원칙에 대해 논의하였다. 그 외에 각종 문서를 통한 검증작업을 거쳤다. 연구 결과 효과적인 설계를 위한 원칙으로 학습자 중심의 설계, 질 높은 상호작용, 전공 및 대학내외 기관과의 협력, 교수자의 성장을 고려한 설계, 교과와 비교과교육과정의 유기적 연계, 학습공동체 요소들의 통합 수준 고도화, 구성주의적 학습환경 지향 등이 도출되었다.

Abstract

The first year of college life is very important to students’ growth. Successful first-year experience helps students to establish their identity, to learn academic and social skills, and to build integrated philosophy of life. Especially, a living-learning community has an effect on positive first-year experiences since it is built on the constructivist environment, facilitates interactions between students and faculty, students and mentors, and students themselves, and finally leads to students’ personal growth. Besides, innovative practices of colleges can come true through combining formal curriculum with extra-curriculum activities in living-learning community (LLC). This study is to reveal growth of first year students in LLC and to investigate its design principles through a case study of a university nearby Seoul area. The research problems are 1) what kinds of changes the students in a LLC experience during their first year of the college life, 2) which programs and activities affect the changes, and 3) what are the design principles for effective LLC. Fourteen teachers who have experienced residenctial education programs during 2008~2013 participated in this study. A survey and a written interview were conducted, followed by two focus group interviews. Supplementary document analysis was done to evaluate teachers’ responses. As a result, to establish effective LLC should be designed based on student-centered perspective, facilitate quality interactions among stakeholders, combine formal curriculum and extra-curriculum, integrate various components of LLC, and build a constructivist learning environment.

참고문헌 (62)

  1. 김경화, "대학교육의 수월성강화를 위한 대학수업의 질적 개선에 대한 사례연구", 열린교육연구, 11(2), pp.345~375 (2003), 한국열린교육학회
  2. 김누리, "학습공동체 활동 유형에 따른 대학생의 자기결정성 및 학습만족도의 차이", 열린교육연구, 21(1), pp.23~48 (2013), 한국열린교육학회
  3. 김병찬, "교사교육에 대한 구성주의적 접근", 교육행정학연구, 18(4), pp.275~304 (2000)
  4. 김은영, "협동학습이 여자대학생의 학습전략, 학업적 자기효능감 및 학업성취에 미치는 효과", 교육학연구, 47(2), pp.1~24 (2009), 한국교육학회
  5. 김인수, "학습공동체 운영사례 연구: K대학교 동료 튜터링을 중심으로", Andragogy Today: Interdisciplinary Journal of Adult & Continuing Education (IJACE), 13(3), pp.1~32 (2010), 한국성인교육학회
  6. 김진실, "전문대학 교과 연계형 학습공동체 수업에서의 상호작용 및 학습전략에 관한 문화기술적 연구", 농업교육과 인적자원개발, 38(4), pp.161~185 (2006), 한국농·산업교육학회
  7. 서경혜, "교사들의 교육과정 재구성 실천 경험에대한 사례연구", 교육과정연구, 27(3), pp.159~189 (2009), 한국교육과정학회[DOI]
  8. 서은희, "학습공동체에서 대학생의 성취목표지향성이 학습전략과 학업적 정서조절에 미치는 영향", 한국교육학연구, 21(3), pp.333~354 (2015), 안암교육학회
  9. 설진성, "활동 이론(Activity Theory)에 근거한 초등교사의 구성주의 교육 실천 분석", 박사, 교육학과 교육공학전공, pp.2013
  10. 선복근, "운영사례를 중심으로 한 학생 주도형 학습공동체(피어 튜터링) 활동", 공학교육연구, 12(4), pp.126~134 (2009), 한국공학교육학회[DOI]
  11. 염민호, "대학 학습공동체 효과 분석 : 전남대학교 사례", 교육행정학연구, 30(2), pp.207~232 (2012), 한국교육행정학회[DOI]
  12. 이용숙, "대학교 수업의 개선을 위한 문화 기술적 연구", 교육인류학연구, 4(3), pp.227~252 (2001)
  13. 최명숙, "구성주의에 대한 교사들의 인식과 수업에의 적용사례", 교육정보방송연구, 7(1), pp.5~28 (2001)
  14. 최성우, "대학에서의 학습공동체 활성화 방안 탐구", Andragogy Today: Interdisciplinary Journal of Adult & Continuing Education (IJACE), 7(2), pp.71~91 (2004), 한국성인교육학회
  15. Barefoot, B. O., "The first-year experience-Are we making it any better?", About Campus, 4(6), pp.12~18 (2000)
  16. Barefoot, B. O., "Achieving and sustaining institutional excellence for the first year of college" (2005), Jossey-Bass
  17. Braxton, J. M., "The fostering of social integration through institutional practice. Journal of College Student Retention : Research", Theory and Practice, 3(1), pp.57~71 (2002)
  18. Braxton, J. M., "Understanding and reducing college student departure", ASHE-ERIC Higher Education Report, 30(3) (2004), Jossey-Bass
  19. Brower, A. M., "Living-learning: One high-impact education practice", Liberal Education, (Spring), pp.36~44 (2010)
  20. Chickering, A. W., "Getting the most out of college" (1995), Allyn and Bacon
  21. Cross, K., "Why learning communities? Why now?", About Campus, 3(3), pp.4~11 (1998)
  22. Deresiewicz, W., "공부의 배신: 왜 하버드생은 바보가 되었나" (2015), 다른
  23. Ethington, C., "An examination of Pace’s model of student development and college impress", Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 31(3), pp.183~196 (2002)
  24. Flowers, L., "Cognitive effects of college racial composition on African American students after 3 years of college", Journal of College Student Development, 40(6), pp.669677~ (1999)
  25. Gabelnick, F., "Learning communities: Creating connections among students, faculty, and disciplines: New Directions for Teaching and Learning" (1990), Jossey-Bass
  26. Goodman, K., "First-year seminars increase persistence and retention : A summary of the evidence from how college affects students", Peer Review, 8(3), pp.26~28 (2006)
  27. Hills, T., "Is constructivism risky? Social anxiety, social participation, competitive game play and constructivist preferences in teacher development", Teacher Development, 11(3), pp.335~352 (2007)
  28. National study of living-learning programs: 2004 report of findings, "Inkelas, K. K.", ~ (2004)
  29. Inkelas, K. K., "Living-learning programs and first-generation college students' academic and social transition to college", Research in Higher Education, 48(4), pp.403~434 (2007)
  30. Inkelas, K. K., "Best practices in living-learning programing: Result from a multiple case study", Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association (2012)
  31. Inkelas, K. K., "The role of living–learning programs in students’ perceptions of intellectual growth at three large universities", NASPA Journal, 43(1), pp.115~143 (2006)
  32. Inkelas, K. K., "Higher education: Handbook of theory and research, 26", pp.1~56 (2011)
  33. Johnson, D., "Cooperative learning returns to college: What evidence is there that it works?", Change, 30, pp.26~35 (1998)
  34. Johnson, J., "Higher education residential learning communities: What are the implications for student success?", College Student Journal, 33(3), pp.385~399 (1999)
  35. Jonassen, D. H., "Instructional design theories and models: A new paradigm of instructional theory", pp.217~239 (1999), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc
  36. Toward a new understanding of non-academic student support: Four mechanisms encouraging positive student outcomes in the community college, "Karp, M. M.", Community College Research Center, Columbia University, ~, pp.CCRC working paper no. 28 (2011)
  37. Kotzee, B., "Seven posers in the constructivist classroom", London Review of Education, 8(2), pp.177~187 (2010)
  38. Knight, W. E., "Learning communities and first-year programs : Lessons for planners", Planning for Higher Education, 31(4), pp.5~12 (2003)
  39. Lave, J., "Situated learning: legitimate peripheral participation" (1991), Cambridge University Press
  40. Loes, C. N., "The impact of college residence and diversity experiences on the development of critical thinking in first-year college students", doctor, pp.2009
  41. O’Gara, L., "Student success courses in the community college : An exploratory study of student perspectives", Community College Review, 36(3), pp.195~218 (2009)
  42. Pace, C. R., "Achievement and the quality of student effort", Paper presented at the 1982 Meeting of the National Commission on Excellence in Education (1982)
  43. Pace, C. R., "Higher education: Handbook of theory and research (Vol. XIII)", pp.1~34 (1998), Agathon Press
  44. Pascarella, E. T., "How college affects students: Vol. 2. A third decade of research" (2005), Jossey-Bass
  45. Pascarella, E., "Reassessing the effects of living on campus versus commuting to college: A causal modeling approach", Review fo Higher Education, 7, pp.247~260 (1984)
  46. Pike, G., "Enhancing the educational impact of residence halls : The relationship between residential learning communities and first-year college experiences and persistence", Journal of College Student Development, 38, pp.609~621 (1997)
  47. Pike, G. R., "The effects of residential learning communities and traditional residential living arrangements on educational gains during the first year in college", Journal of College Student Development, 40(3), pp.269~284 (1999)
  48. Porter, S. R., "Understanding how first-year seminars affect persistence", Research in Higher Education, 47(1), pp.89~109 (2006)
  49. Pugh, R. C., "Undergraduate residence : An assessment of academic achievement in a predominantly university community", Journal of College Student Personnel, 17, pp.138~141 (1976)
  50. Rocconi, L. M., "An application of Pace’s model of student development and college impress on learning community students", Paper presented at the 2009 American Institute of Higher Education Conference (2009)
  51. Reason, R. D., "First things first: developing academic competence in the first year of college", Research in Higher Education, 47(2), pp.149~175 (2006)
  52. Rowan-Kenyon, H., "The contributions of living-learning programs on developing sense of civic engagement in undergraduate students", NASPA Journal, 44(4), pp.750~778 (2007)
  53. Sanford, N., "The American college" (1962), Wiley
  54. Schnell, C. A., "The first-year seminar as a means of improving college graduation rates", Journal of the First-Year Experience, 15(1), pp.53~76 (2003)
  55. Stassen, M., "Student outcomes : The impact of varying living-learning community models", Research in Higher Education, 44(5), pp.581~613 (2003)
  56. Tinto, V., "Constructing educational communities : Increasing retention in challenging circumstances", Community College Journal, 64, pp.26~30 (1994)
  57. Upcraft, M., "The freshman year experience", pp.1~12 (1989), Jossey-Bass
  58. Upcraft, M. L., "Challenging & supporting the first-year student:A handbook for improving the first year of college", pp.1~14 (2005), Jossey-Bass
  59. Upcraft, M. L., "Challenging & supporting the first-year student: A handbook for improving the first year of college", pp.486~500 (2005), Jossey-Bass
  60. Walker, A., "Learning communities and their perceived effect on students’ academic abilities", Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association (2002)
  61. Yin, R. K., "Case study research, design and methods" (2003), Sage
  62. Zhao, C., "Adding value : Learning communities and student engagement", Research in Higher Education, 45(2), pp.115~138 (2004)

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (7건)