해국(Aster spathulifolius Maxim.) 에탄올 추출물의 생리활성물질 및 항균 활성 조사

Abstract

Aster spathulifolius Maxim., a traditional medicinal plant from the Asteraceae family, is native to Korea and Japan and has been reported to be effective for treating obesity and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate its antimicrobial potential against various pathogens, including Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis, and Aspergillus fumigatus, as well as to analyze the secondary metabolites present in the plant to identify compounds responsible for its antimicrobial activity. The stems and leaves of the plant were dried and subjected to reflux extraction with 70% aqueous ethanol at 25°C for 24 hours, and this was repeated three times. The extract demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity against the gram-negative bacteria E. coli and S. Enteritidis as well as the fungus A. fumigatus. Secondary metabolite analysis using LC-QTOF/MS identified polyphenol compounds, including chlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid C, and rhodiosin, that are known for their antioxidant, antitumor, and antibacterial properties. In particular, quantitative evaluation of the indicators chlorogenic acid and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid revealed that they contained 39.11 mg/g and 51.33 mg/g per dry extract product, respectively. In conclusion, A. spathulifolius Maxim. was determined to be particularly effective as an antimicrobial agent against gram-negative bacteria and fungi.