전통시대 중국 '民間儺'의 재구성 - 타종교와의 융화를 중심으로 -

Abstract

The research examines how Folk Nuo in the traditional era of People's Republic of China merged and developed with Shamanism, Taoism and Buddhism. The research results are as follows. 1. Shamanism comprising the basis in the formation of Folk Nuo: Shamanism as a primitive religion enjoyed its best days in slave societies. Folk Nuo is formed on the foundation of Shamanism, and so Shaman is the higher concept of Nuo. 2. Folk Nuo being accepted in areas where Shamanism was prevalent: Folk Nuo of Tujia minority was strongly based on Shamanism practiced in areas where shamanistic practices such as ancestor worship were prevalent, and then formed by embracing Nuo of Han Chinese. 3. Folk Nuo merging with Taoism: Taoism borrowed shamanistic culture of Ba people, ancestors of Tujia minority in the process of its formation. The triple purity of Taoism is considered as taking the top rank among the gods worshiped in the Nuo altar of Tujio minority group, and folk shamans which were influenced by Taoism were also important gods of Nuo altar. 4. Buddhism accommodating the elements of Folk Nuo: Cham which is a ceremonial dance of Buddhism in Tibet accommodated religious ritual ceremonial dances of Tibetan Bon religion, forms of ritual services from Folk Nuo, and exorcism dances in the process of its formation. 5. Folk Nuo accommodating Buddhism: Folk Nuo which blended into the principles of Buddhism produced Nuo masks in the resemblance of Buddha figures and also borrowed the worship style of Buddhism.