상황과 유형에 따른 대학야구 선수의 스포츠상해 조사
Study on Sports Injuries in Collegiate Baseball Athletes Based on Occurrence Situations and Injury Types
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초록
이연구에서는대학야구선수가1년동안경험한상해현황을파악하여예방을위한대책수립과적용에활용할수있는기초자료를제공하고자하였다. 설문조사를통한자료수집을위해네개의항목(배경정보, 개인훈련, 팀훈련, 경기출전)과34개의문항으로구성된설문지를사용하였다. 대한야구소프트볼협회에등록된31개대학팀중설문조사에협조한팀은26개였으며, 모집단인대학야구선수1,094명중69.2%에해당하는757명이설문조사에참여하였다. 응답자의평균연령은20.1세(SD=1.46)였으며평균선수경력은120.2개월(SD=29.71)이었다. 연구결과, 한해동안상해를한번이상경험한선수는315명으로응답자의41.6% 수준이었다. 상해를경험한선수들을상황별로분류하면, 개인훈련중78명(24.8%), 팀훈련중241명(76.5%), 경기중60명(19.0%)이부상을입은것으로나타났다. 추가로, 각상황별상해부위, 상해유발동작, 상해원인인식등의정보를분류하여제시하였다. 모든상황에서손, 팔꿈치, 어깨부위의상해가두드러졌으며, 하체보다는상체의부상빈도가높은것으로나타났다. 개인훈련에서는타격훈련중스윙, 팀훈련에서는투구, 경기에서는슬라이딩이상해를유발하는주요동작으로파악되었다. 선수들이인식하는상해유발원인도상황별로다양하게나타났다. 상해유발원인을해소하기위해서는개인훈련시선수가운동을시작하기에앞서수행하려는동작을정확히이해해야하며, 팀훈련에서는과사용과과훈련이되지않도록훈련프로그램을전반적으로점검할필요가있다. 이연구의결과에서제시한빈도만으로어느상황에서의발생가능성이높다고비교, 판단하는것은제한이따른다. 차후선수들이특정상황에노출된시간을기준으로상해가발생한비율을제시하는연구가요구된다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the status of injuries sustained by baseball players during the previous year and to provide fundamental information for establishing preventive plans. The data were collected by using a questionnaire consisting of four categories (demographic information, individual training, team training, and game participation) and 34 items. Among 31 college teams registered in the Korea Baseball Softball Association, twenty-six college teams participated in the survey, and 757 athletes responded to the questionnaire. The average age of the respondents was 20.1 years (SD=1.46) and the playing experience was 120.2 months (SD=29.71). According to the results, 315 players (41.6%) experienced injuries at least once. When classifying the injured athletes by situation, 78 (24.8%) were injured during individual training, 241 (76.5%) during team training, and 60 (19.0%) during games. In addition, the results were presented by analyzing information such as the injured body part, injury-causing movement, and perceived injury cause for each situation. In all situations, injuries to the hand, elbow, and shoulder were prominent, and the frequency of injuries to the upper body was higher than to the lower body. In individual training, swinging during batting training, pitching in team training, and sliding in games were identified as the main movements causing injuries. The causes of injuries perceived by the athletes also varied depending on the situation. For reducing the probability of injuries, athletes are supposed to understand the movement they are trying before performing them, and it is necessary to check the safety concerns of training programs and its intensity for in team training to prevent overuse and over-training. There may be limitations to compare the possibility of injury-occurrence in a specific situation based only on the frequency presented in the results. Further studies are recommended, providing the incidence rate of injury based on the athlete’s exposure-time in a specific situation.