경영위기대학 선정의 결정요인: 사립대학을 중심으로

Abstract

[Purpose]The purpose of this study is to identify the determinants of the selection of universities facing management crises (Faltering College and University) in relation to the financial diagnosis evaluation conducted by the Korean Advancing School Foundation. The Ministry of Education has been evaluating universities every three years since 2015 to improve the quality of education and address the declining student population through university structural reforms. However, the Ministry of Education announced that the University Basic Competency Diagnosis will conclude in 2024. Starting from 2025, universities will undergo the financial diagnosis by the Korean Advancing School Foundation to determine their eligibility for financial support. As the designation of ‘Faltering College and University’ by the foundation directly affects their survival, private universities need to focus on long－term indicator management. Therefore, this study aims to identify the determinants for private universities to be selected as “universities facing management crises” in the financial diagnosis by the Private School Promotion Foundation, and provide useful information to respond to the financial diagnosis and manage long－term indicators. [Methodology]This study categorizes universities into selected and non－selected universities for general financial support based on the ‘Basic Competency Diagnosis Evaluation of Universities’ announced in 2021. We utilize a subset of the Basic Competency Diagnosis indicators to empirically analyze financial and non－financial indicators from 2018 to 2020. [Findings]Among financial indicators, operating difference are identified as a crucial determining factor for university capacity assessment in general universities, while liquidity ratio, debt ratio, and loss are determining factors for capacity assessment in specialized universities. Among non－financial indicators, both general and specialized universities found employment rate, freshman enrollment rate, and tuition dependency ratio to be important indicators for university capacity assessment. Overall, it is determined that non－financial indicators are more important than financial indicators. [Implications]This study is significant in providing useful information for universities to manage long－term indicators and respond to financial diagnosis by identifying variables that can be used to select universities facing management crises that have not yet been introduced.