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문명의 전환과 존재론적 전회: 『중용』의 재해석과 부엔 비비르(Buen Vivir)를 중심으로

Transformation of Civilization and the Ontological Turn: Focusing on the Reinterpretation of Zhongyong and Buen Vivir

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Presented by Xi Jinping as a goal of national administration, the “Chinese Dream” is set against the backdrop of a dual situation: China is at once a nation-state and a civilization-state. If one axis for realizing the “Chinese Dream” is Chinese-style socialism, the other axis is Confucian civilization. Reinterpretations of Confucian civilization are attempts to transcend Western modernity and to make the Chinese model take root. On the opposite side of the globe, Andean countries on the Latin American Continent have been searching for a shift in the paradigm of modern Western civilization by stipulating in their new constitutions the acknowledgment of nature’s rights and Buen Vivir. China’s path and the Andes’ option are deeply related to the ontological turn, which is under way in diverse academic disciplines and social movements world-wide. The ontological turn signifies a transition from modern dualistic ontology to non-modern relational ontology. The present study analyzes the non-modern relational ontology of both the Tiandi (天地, heaven and earth) cosmology in the Zhongyong (中庸, Doctrine of the Mean), which provided the paradigm of Confucian civilization, and the cosmology of ayllu (indigenous peoples’ communities), which appears in the civilization of the native peoples of the Andes.

Abstract

Presented by Xi Jinping as a goal of national administration, the “Chinese Dream” is set against the backdrop of a dual situation: China is at once a nation-state and a civilization-state. If one axis for realizing the “Chinese Dream” is Chinese-style socialism, the other axis is Confucian civilization. Reinterpretations of Confucian civilization are attempts to transcend Western modernity and to make the Chinese model take root. On the opposite side of the globe, Andean countries on the Latin American Continent have been searching for a shift in the paradigm of modern Western civilization by stipulating in their new constitutions the acknowledgment of nature’s rights and Buen Vivir. China’s path and the Andes’ option are deeply related to the ontological turn, which is under way in diverse academic disciplines and social movements world-wide. The ontological turn signifies a transition from modern dualistic ontology to non-modern relational ontology. The present study analyzes the non-modern relational ontology of both the Tiandi (天地, heaven and earth) cosmology in the Zhongyong (中庸, Doctrine of the Mean), which provided the paradigm of Confucian civilization, and the cosmology of ayllu (indigenous peoples’ communities), which appears in the civilization of the native peoples of the Andes.

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