유기농업의 “관행농업화”와 위기에 관한 논의
Discussion on the "Conventionalization" and Crisis of Organic Agriculture
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Organic agriculture is still expanding in the 21st century, significantly benefited by supports from the governments of many countries. However, doubts are cast on whether current global growth of organic agriculture is on the right track, appropriately reflecting what the original advocates had espoused in terms of its ideological aspects as a social movement. After summarizing major features of organic agriculture as an alternative agriculture into three aspects, sustainability, locality, and social equity, this study introduces the so-called "conventionalization" debates mainly participated in by writers from the U.S. and western countries. Also, a description of the political process surrounding the modification of the U.S. organic standards is in the order for the purpose of showing a case of conventionalization. A few implications from the debate and the U.S. case are derived regarding the future development of the organic agriculture.
Abstract
Organic agriculture is still expanding in the 21st century, significantly benefited by supports from the governments of many countries. However, doubts are cast on whether current global growth of organic agriculture is on the right track, appropriately reflecting what the original advocates had espoused in terms of its ideological aspects as a social movement. After summarizing major features of organic agriculture as an alternative agriculture into three aspects, sustainability, locality, and social equity, this study introduces the so-called "conventionalization" debates mainly participated in by writers from the U.S. and western countries. Also, a description of the political process surrounding the modification of the U.S. organic standards is in the order for the purpose of showing a case of conventionalization. A few implications from the debate and the U.S. case are derived regarding the future development of the organic agriculture.
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