14세기 고려불교와 白雲景閑

Abstract

Baekwoon Gyeonghan (白雲景閑, 1229-1374) is one of the leading Seon masters of the Late Goryeo period, along with Taego Bou(太古普愚) and Naong Hye-geun(懶翁惠勤), but despite his fame, he has received relatively little study or attention compared to Bou and Hye-geun. Rather, Gyeonghan’s compilation “Anthology of Great Buddhist Priests’ Zen Teachings”(『佛祖直指心體要節)』 is famous, and interest in “Anthology of Great Buddhist Priests’ Zen Teachings” is centered on the fact that it is the first metal typeface in existence. Like many Goryeo monks from the late 13th century onward, Gyeonghan studied in Yuan China. He received training from Zhikong(指空) and Shiwu Qing-gong(石屋淸珙), and it appears that studying abroad was an important event in his life, as it allowed him to become active in Goryeo Buddhist circles. Most of what we know of Gyeonghan’s activities post-date his study abroad, and while he emphasized the Qing-gong, he also embraced a variety of Seon Buddhism, including Ganhua Seon as well as No-mind and No-concept Seon. On the other hand, “Anthology of Great Buddhist Priests’ Zen Teachings” was a book of great significance to Gyeonghan’ s students because it was compiled by Gyeonghan himself in his later years as a reissue of his teacher’s book. Apart from “Sasesong”(辭世頌), “Anthology of Great Buddhist Priests’ Zen Teachings” was also a symbol of the dharma lineage that led to Linji Yixuan, Jian Zongxin, Shiwu Qing-gong, and Baekwoon Gyeonghan. This was the reason why, after Gyeonghan’s enrollment, his masters were active in the printing and distribution of “Anthology of Great Buddhist Priests’ Zen Teachings”, not only printing it in metal type, but also engraving it on wooden plates and printing it again. It is also noteworthy that the dharma words of Mengshan Deyi(蒙山德異) contained in “Anthology of Great Buddhist Priests’ Zen Teachings” were originally added by Gyeonghan as he expanded.