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바이든 독트린, 무엇이 문제인가?

What’s wrong with the Biden Doctrine?

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이 글은 바이든 정부의 대외 정책 독트린이 어떻게 형성되었고, 그 특징과 문제점은 무엇인지를 세 가지 주요 문건-2021년 3월 잠정 국가안보 전략 지침과 2022 년 10월 국가안보 전략, 2023년 10월 설리번 국가안보보좌관의 “미국 힘의 원천” -을 중심으로 검토한다. 바이든 독트린의 핵심은 미국 패권의 복원을 위한 경제적 민족주의의 내적 균형과 동맹 현대화의 외적 균형이다. 그 진화 과정에서의 주요한 특징은 출범 초기의 전략 환경에 대한 포괄적 인식이 대중국 전략 경쟁으로단순화되었고, 대내외적 차원에선 민주주의 기획이 약화된 것이다. 바이든 독트린은 열악한 전략 환경에서 패권 지향적 관성에서 벗어나지 못해 과도한 대외 정책목표들을 설정함에 따라 목적과 수단 간 불균형을 노정했고, 구체적 실행 방법 역시 부재하다.

Abstract

This article examines how the Biden administration's foreign policy doctrine was formed and what its features and problems are, focusing on three key documents- Interim National Security Strategy Guidance of March 2021, National Security Strategy of October 2022, and National Security Advisor Sullivan’s “The Sources of American Power” of October 2023. The Biden doctrine aims to restore American hegemony by internal balancing of economic nationalism and external balancing of alliance modernization. A key feature of its evolution is the simplification of the initially comprehensive perception of the strategic environment into strategic competition with China and the weakening of democratic (reform/confrontation agaisnt autocracy) project. The Biden Doctrine, unable to escape the hegemonic inertia in a harsh strategic environment, set up illusive goals, resulting in an imbalance between ends and means and a lack of specific ways.

참고문헌 (79)

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