标记“了”的认知解析考察
Flag "了" cognitive analytic studyt
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本文 在2.3 讲述了以往对尾语气词 "了" 的语义刻面存在过于繁杂和过于概括两种倾向，本文提出用 "行、知、言" 三域将 "了2" 的语义刻面为表示"新行态的出现"，"新知态的出现"和"新言态的出现"，同时将"了1"的语义归入"行"域。 还有在３.１认为这些事态出现了或者出现了新情况都是“了2”“有界”功能的体现。因为无论是事态出现了变化，还是出现了新情况都要由一种状态转变为另一种状态，这两种状态之间是有界的。为了体现“了1”和“了2”之间的区别，把“了2”的“有界”功能叫做“界变”功能。
Abstract
The grammatical meaning of "了", a marker of aspects in Mandarin has been described differently among researchers, three of which are to express the end, a certain phase of event and the start of an event or a state. This paper consists of four parts. Set out below is a summary of main points of each part. The first chapter elaborates on the results of previous related studies, points out the purpose and meaning of the current study. Chapter two introduces marked "了" including concepts of the meaning and "Done", "complete whole", "realization" Corresponds to the case study. And explains syntactic and semantic features of the “了”, highlights the look "of the了" problems of syntax and semantics，"了2" made three domains Limit 3 Including of the knowledge. This chapter holds that its grammartical meaning can be described as follows an event has taken place or a state has formed prior to a certain reference time, and that the grammartical meanings mentioned above can be considered sub - grammartical meanings of "了",which result from different prominence of the phases of an event. Chapter three explains tag component of the “了1”，“了2”. It discusses limited constraints, first place for "了" syntactic meaning, "The End" and "extension" of the opposition for "了" is looming around the root system, "了" and "着" sentence structure and semantic and syntactic forms. Chapter four discusses bounded features of the 了. It mainly focuses on “了”of bounded / unbounded function. It analyses the functions of components and explains a bounded function of “了1” and a bounded function of ”了2”. Chapter five is the conclusion. It consolidates and summarises the previous contents of the paper and points out the conclusion.
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