‘썸머프린스’와 ‘썸머킹’ 사과의 저장한계기 구명을 위한 저온저장과 1-MCP처리의 효과
Effect of cold storage and 1-methylcyclopropene treatment on fruit storage potential of‘Summer Prince’and‘Summer King’apples
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본 연구는 저온저장과 1-MCP 처리가 ‘썸머프린스’와 ‘썸머킹’ 조생종 사과의 품질과 저장성에 미치는 영향을 구명하여 저장한계기 구명을 목적으로 수행하였다. 과실은 수확직후 1-MCP를 1 μL/L의 농도로 18시간 훈증처리하였으며, 저온저장(0℃) 조건에서 6개월간 저장하며 과실특성을 조사하였다. 저장기간 동안 무처리 과실의 경도는 ‘썸머프린스’ 사과의 경우 저장 4개월까지 70 N을, ‘썸머킹’ 사과는 저장 2개월까지 60 N 이상의 경도를 유지하였다. 1-MCP 처리 시 두 품종 모두 저장 6개월까지도 70 N 이상으로 경도가 높게 유지되었다. 산 함량은 무처리 과실의 경우 ‘썸머프린스’와 ‘썸머킹’ 사과 모두 저장 3개월까지 0.32%와 0.31%를 유지하였으나 이후 0.30% 이하로 감소하였고, 1-MCP 처리 과실은 저장 4개월까지 0.33%와 0.30%로 산 함량이 유지되었다. 내생 에틸렌 발생량은 ‘썸머프린스’와 ‘썸머킹’ 사과 모두 무처리 과실의 경우 저장 1개월부터 급격히 증가하였으나, 1-MCP 처리 과실은 무처리구와 비교하여 현저히 낮은 발생량을 보였고, 과피의 왁스는 발생하지 않았다. 과실 감모율과 과피 착색도(L*, a*, b*)는 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 다소 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, ‘썸머프린스’ 사과의 경우 1-MCP를 처리한 과실은 낮은 감모율과 함께 적색도(a*) 변화를 지연시켰다. 따라서 무처리 과실의 경우 저온저장시 ‘썸머프린스’ 사과는 3개월이, ‘썸머킹’ 사과는 2개월이 저장한계기로 판단되었고, 1-MCP 처리 후 저온저장시 두 품종 모두 4개월이 저장한계기로 판단되었다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of cold storage and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment on fruit quality and storage potential of 'Summer Prince' and 'Summer King' apples. The fruits were treated with 1-MCP at a concentration of 1 μL/L for 18 h immediately after harvest, and stored for up to 6 months under cold storage (0℃). The fruit quality during cold storage showed that the loss of flesh firmness of untreated fruits was remained at 70 N for 'Summer Prince' apple up to 4 months and 60 N for 'Summer King' apple up to 2 months, and reduced down than those results after that. In 1-MCP treatment, both cultivars maintained flesh firmness over 70N even after 6 months of storage. Titratable acidity of untreated fruits decreased to 0.32% (‘Summer Prince’) and 0.31% (‘Summer King’) for up to 3 months, but 1-MCP-treated fruits still remained at 0.33% and 0.30% for up to 4 months of storage. Internal ethylene concentration (IEC) of untreated fruits was increased after one month in both cultivars, but IEC of 1-MCP-treated fruits was significantly lower than that of untreated fruits. Skin greasiness did not occur at all. Fruit weight loss and peel color variables (L*, a*, b*) tended to a little increase during cold storage. In case of 'Summer Prince' apples, 1-MCP-treated fruits exhibited a reduced weight loss and delayed change in redness (a*). Therefore, this study suggested that the storage potential of ‘Summer Prince’ and ‘Summer King’ apples at cold storage was estimated at 3 and 2 months, respectively, but this potential would increase for up to 4 months with 1-MCP treatment in both cultivars.
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