문화가치관의 차이분석: 한국과 미국 다국적기업 종업원을 대상으로
A Cross National Study of Cultural Difference among Employees of Korean and American MNCs
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초록
본 연구는 순수하게 한국을 높은 집단주의로 보고 미국을 개인주의로 분석하고 있는 기존 연구의 획일적 분류에서 벗어나 개인이 관계를 맺고 있는 준거집단에 따른 집단주의 특성을 한국과 미국 다국적기업 종업원을 대상으로 비교 분석하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 전체집단주의 성향은 한국기업 한국종업원이 가장 높은 집단주의 성향을 보였고, 그 다음으로 미국기업 한국종업원 그리고 미국기업에 근무하는 미국종업원의 순을 보였다. 둘째, 가족에 대한 집단주의, 부하에 대한 집단주의, 동료에 대한 집단주의, 학교선배에 대한 집단주의, 학교친구에 대한 집단주의, 학교후배에 대한 집단주의, 고향후배에 대한 집단주의는 한국기업 한국종업원과 미국기업 한국종업원이 미국기업 미국종업원보다 높은 수준을 보였다. 셋째, 상사에 대한 집단주의, 고향선배에 대한 집단주의는 한국기업 한국종업원이 가장 높고, 그 다음으로 미국기업 한국종업원, 미국기업 미국종업원의 순을 보였다. 넷째, 고향친구에 대한 집단주의는 한국기업 한국종업원, 미국기업 한국종업원 그리고 미국기업에 근무하는 미국종업원간에 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결국 한국과 미국종업원 모두 관련을 맺고 있는 준거집단에 따라 집단주의 성향이 차이가 남을 확인할 수 있었다.
Abstract
This paper investigated target-specific collectivism among employees in Korean and American MNCs(Multinational corporations) by measuring an individual’s collectivism on ICIAI (The Individualism-Collectivism Interpersonal Assessment Inventory) scale. Korean employees in Korean MNCs and American MNCs showed higher collectivism than American employees in American MNCs in relations to seven target groups: family, subordinate, colleague, school senior, school junior, school friend, and hometown junior. With regard to supervisor and school junior, Korean employees in Korean MNCs showed highest collectivistic tendencies, followed by Korean employees in American MNCs and American employees in American MNCs. On the other hand, there were no significant differences among Korean employees in Korean MNCs, Korean employees in American MNCs and American employees in American MNCs with regard to hometown senior.
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