강박장애를 가진 성인 남성의 강박과 불안 감소를 위한 정신역동적 미술치료 사례연구
A Case Study of Psychodynamic Art Therapy for Reduction of Compulsion and Anxiety in a Male with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
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초록
본 연구는 정신역동적 관점에서 실시된 미술치료가 성인 남성의 강박과 불안에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위해 실시되었다. 연구 참여자는 강박장애로 진단을 받은 만 30세 남성이며 미술치료는 매주 1회, 60분씩, 총 23회기가 실시되었다. 미술치료의 효과를 검증하기 위하여 강박 척도(OCI-R)와 불안 척도(STAI) 및 집-나무-사람 그림 검사(HTP)를 치료 사전과 사후에 실시하여 비교하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 강박 척도 점수는 사전 46점에서 사후 37점으로 9점이 감소되었으며, 상태 불안 점수는 사전 73점에서 사후 54점으로 19점이 감소되었고 특성 불안 점수는 사전 70점에서 사후 59점으로 11점이 감소되었다. 그리고 HTP를 비교한 결과, 사전에는 약한 필압으로 바람, 비, 구름을 묘사하여 스트레스와 불안을 상징적으로 나타냈으나 사후에는 필압이 강해지고 편안하게 휴식을 취하는 장면이 묘사되었다. 또한 사전 검사 당시, 연구 참여자는 힘들고, 불행하고, 희망이 없고, 도망치고 싶은 마음을 언급하였으나 사후에는 편안하고 홀가분한 느낌을 언급하며 긍정적인 변화를 나타내었다. 따라서 본 연구는 미술치료가 강박장애를 가진 성인의 강박과 불안 증상을 감소시키기 위한 보조적인 중재로서 유용하게 활용될 수 있다고 제안한다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 연구의 의의와 제한점을 논의하였다.
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of art therapy from a psychodynamic perspective on obsessive-compulsiveness and anxiety in an adult male. The participant was a 30-year-old male diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and the art therapy was conducted once a week for 60 minutes, for a total of 23 sessions. To verify the effectiveness of art therapy, the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and house-tree-person test (HTP) were conducted before and after the treatment and the results were compared. The obsessive-compulsive scale score decreased by 9 points from 46 to 37, the state anxiety score decreased by 19 points from 73 to 54, and the trait anxiety score decreased by 11 points from 70 to 59. The comparison of the HTP showed that the pretreatment drawing symbolically expressed stress and anxiety by depicting wind, rain, and clouds with weak pen pressure, but the post-treatment drawing illustrated a scene of comfortable relaxation with strong pen pressure. Additionally, the participant voiced feelings of being tiresome, unhappy, hopeless, and wanting to run away prior to the pretreatment test but mentioned feelings of comfort and lightheartedness after the treatment, indicating positive changes. Therefore, this study suggests that art therapy can be useful as a supplementary intervention to reduce symptoms of obsessive-compulsiveness and anxiety symptoms in adults with OCD.
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