디지털 통화 시대의 도래와 금융기관의 미래의 금융 인프라 대응

Abstract

As cryptocurrencies replace the dollar, euro, and yuan, some of the coming changes will be welcome and others will not. Money transformed human society by enabling commerce and trade between geographically distant regions. Money also enables the transfer of wealth and resources across time and space. But money has also been an object of greed and plunder throughout much of human history. Today, money is about to undergo a major transformation that could change the way banking, finance, and even society are structured. Most notably, tangible currency or cash is coming to an end in low- and middle-income countries and the era of digital currency has begun. Additionally, a new competition between public and private currencies is about to begin, both nationally and internationally. The proliferation of digital technologies driving these changes can encourage useful innovation and expand access to basic financial services. However, there is also a risk that technology will encourage concentration of economic power, leading to greater involvement by large corporations and governments in our finances and personal lives. Although new technologies are creating online banks that can reach more customers and web-based platforms like Prosper that can connect depositors and borrowers directly, traditional financial institutions, especially commercial banks, are facing challenges in their business models. These new financial institutions and platforms are increasing competition, driving innovation, and reducing costs. Savers can now access a wider range of savings, credit and insurance products. Additionally, as banks' underwriting and collateral requirements tighten, small entrepreneurs may be able to secure financing from external banks. Domestic and international payments are becoming cheaper and faster, and consumers and businesses are reaping the benefits.