70세 이상의 전위된 대퇴골 경부 골절 환자에서무시멘트형 조립식 대퇴 스템을 이용한 고관절 치환술
Hip Arthroplasty Using Cementless Modular Femoral Stem forDisplaced Femoral Neck Fracture in Patients More than 70 Years Old
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목적: 70세 이상의 전위된 대퇴골 경부 골절 환자에서 무시멘트형 조립식 대퇴 스템을 이용한 고관절 치환술의 임상적 결과 및 방사선학적 추시 결과를 평가하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2002년 1월부터 2005년 5월까지 전위된 대퇴골 경부 골절로 무시멘트-조립형 대퇴 스템을 이용하여 고관절 치 환술을 시행 받았으며, 술 후 2년 이상 추시가 가능하였던 70세 이상의 환자 66명, 67예를 대상으로 하였다. 수술 당시 평균 연 령은 77세(70~92세)였으며, 술 후 추시 기간은 평균 31(24~41)개월 이었다. 임상적 평가는 수술 전후의 일상생활 보행 능력 (ADL) 및 술 후 합병증 등을 평가하였고, 방사선학적 평가는 술 후 정기적으로 시행한 고관절 단순 방사선 사진을 이용하여 대 퇴 스템 주변의 골용해와 해리 정도, 양측 하지 길이를 측정하였다. 결과: 임상적인 평가로 수술 전 일상생활 보행 능력 정도(ADL)는 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 등급에서 각각 31예(46%), 21예(31.5%), 14예 (21%), 1예(1.5%), 0예(0%) 였으며, 수술 후 ADL은 각각 25예(37.5%), 18예(27%), 21예(31%), 3예(4.5%), 0예(0%)였다. 이 중 수술 전 ADL 이상으로 회복된 환자는 48예(71.5%) 였다. 수술과 관련한 심각한 합병증은 없었다. 방사선학적 결과로 1 예의 수직 침강을 보인 경우를 제외한 모든 예에서 스템의 안정 골성삽입을 보였으며, 술 후 양측 하지 길이 차이는 5예(7.5%) 에서 나타났는데 모두 1 cm 미만이었다. 결론: 고령의 전위된 대퇴골 경부 골절 환자에서 무시멘트형 조립식 대퇴 스템을 이용한 고관절 치환술의 2년 이상 추시 결과 수술과 관련한 합병증을 최소화 하면서 만족할 만한 임상적 및 방사선학적 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the clinical and radiological results of hip arthroplasty using a cementless modular femoral stem in patients older than 70 years with a femoral neck fracture. Materials and Methods: From January 2002 to May 2005, 67 hip arthroplasty procedures (66 patients) using a cementless modular femoral stem for displaced femoral neck fractures in patients older than 70 years of age were evaluated. All the patients were followed up for more than 2 years. The mean age at surgery was 77 (70~92) years. There were 22 men and 44 women. The mean follow up period was 31 months (24~41). The clinical evaluation was performed by examining the perioperative Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and postoperative complications. The radiological evaluation for femoral stem loosening and osteolysis was performed using the serial postoperative radiographs. The radiological evaluation for leg length discrepancies was performed using the immediate postoperative radiograph. Results: In preoperative ADL, 31 cases (46%) were in grade 1, 21 (31.5%) in grade 2, 14 (21%) in grade 3, 1 (1.5%) in grade 4 and none in grade 5. A review of the postoperative ADL revealed 25 cases (37.5%) in grade 1, 18 (27%) in grade 2, 21 (31%) in grade 3, 3(4.5%) in grade 4 and none in grade 5. Postoperative restoration of the ADL was observed in 48 cases (71.5%). There were no significant complications. Radiographically, all cases showed stable bony fixation of the femoral stem with the exception of 1 case, who showed subsidence and a pedestal reaction. Postoperative leg length discrepancy was observed in 5 cases (7.5%) but was < 1 cm in all cases. Conclusion: In elderly patients older than 70 years of age with a displaced femoral neck fracture, cementless hip arthroplasty using a modular femoral stem provides good initial stability and subsequent secure bony fixation with minimal complications.
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