F. 스콧 피츠제럴드의 『밤은 부드러워』에 나타난 남성성의 불안과 환상
The Anxiety and Fantasy of Masculinity in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s Tender Is the Night
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
In The Far Side of Paradise, a highly acclaimed and authoritative biography of Fitzgerald, Arthur Mizener colors the conjugal relation between F. Scott Fitzgerald and Zelda as love. However, Fitzgerald implicates the impossibility of it in his autobiographical novel Tender Is the Night. In the novel, not only the marital relationship between Dick and Nicole but the illicit one between Dick and Rosemary altogether fail. This essay explores how such an impossible sexual relationship relates to Fitzgerald’s own innermost struggle to promote masculinity within his gender consciousness. This essay compares the two texts, The Far Side of Paradise and Tender Is the Night, in order to infer male anxiety from the crisis of masculinity and subsequent gender politics dissolving it. Additionally, this essay refers to Renata Salecl’s psychoanalytic explanation of ‘doubling’, a re-appropriation of Jacques Lacan’s idea of sexuation, as a way of elucidating Dick’s choice not to advance his passionate relationship with Rosemary. This study would allow us to see that Tender Is the Night provides questionable fantasy that Dick’s phallic potency can remain intact or be regained properly if only Nicole does not exist. Also, this study would shed light on how Dick’s self-control evading a passionate but perilous relationship with Rosemary arises from his anxiety that his manhood might be lost by the imagined overwhelming enjoyment from the relation. This essay helps us understand that Fitzgerald was actually engaged in his contemporary male anxiety and fantasy within and without his literature.
Abstract
In The Far Side of Paradise, a highly acclaimed and authoritative biography of Fitzgerald, Arthur Mizener colors the conjugal relation between F. Scott Fitzgerald and Zelda as love. However, Fitzgerald implicates the impossibility of it in his autobiographical novel Tender Is the Night. In the novel, not only the marital relationship between Dick and Nicole but the illicit one between Dick and Rosemary altogether fail. This essay explores how such an impossible sexual relationship relates to Fitzgerald’s own innermost struggle to promote masculinity within his gender consciousness. This essay compares the two texts, The Far Side of Paradise and Tender Is the Night, in order to infer male anxiety from the crisis of masculinity and subsequent gender politics dissolving it. Additionally, this essay refers to Renata Salecl’s psychoanalytic explanation of ‘doubling’, a re-appropriation of Jacques Lacan’s idea of sexuation, as a way of elucidating Dick’s choice not to advance his passionate relationship with Rosemary. This study would allow us to see that Tender Is the Night provides questionable fantasy that Dick’s phallic potency can remain intact or be regained properly if only Nicole does not exist. Also, this study would shed light on how Dick’s self-control evading a passionate but perilous relationship with Rosemary arises from his anxiety that his manhood might be lost by the imagined overwhelming enjoyment from the relation. This essay helps us understand that Fitzgerald was actually engaged in his contemporary male anxiety and fantasy within and without his literature.
참고문헌 (27)
- Bederman, Gail, "Manliness and Civilization: A Cultural History of Gender and Race in the United States, 1880-1917" (1995), U of Chicago P
- Bryer, Jackson R., "Four Decades of Fitzgerald Studies: The Best and the Brightest", Twentieth Century Literature, 26(2), pp.247~267 (1980)
- Bryer, Jackson R., "The Cambridge Companion to F. Scott Fitzgerald. Ed. Ruth Prigozy", pp.209~234 (2002), Cambridge UP
- Chiesa, Lorenzo, "Subjectivity and Otherness: A Philosophical Reading of Lacan" (2007), MIT P
- Collins, Angus P., "F. Scott Fitzgerald: Homosexuality and the Genesis of Tender Is the Night", Journal of Modern Literature, 13(1), pp.167~171 (1985)
- Cowley, Malcolm, "Tender Is the Night: A Romance by F. Scott Fitzgerald", pp.9~18 (1948), Charles Scribner’s Sons
- Dubbert, Joe L., "The American Man", pp.303~320 (1980), Prentice-Hall
- Evans, Dylan, "An Introductory Dictionary of Lacanian Psychoanalysis" (1996), Brunner-Routledge
- Fitzgerald, F. Scott, "Tender Is the Night: A Romance" (1948), Charles Scribner’s Sons
- Fitzgerald, F. Scott, "The Crack-Up" (1964), A New Directions Book
- Fitzgerald, F. Scott, "The Great Gatsby" (1990), Penguin Books
- Fitzgerald, F. Scott, "The Letters of F. Scott Fitzgerald" (1963), Charles Scribner’s
- Freud, Sigmund, "The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud Vol. 18", pp.7~64 (1957), Hogarth
- Freud, Sigmund, "The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud Vol. 19", pp.155~172 (1957), Hogarth
- Hawthorne, Nathaniel, "The Scarlet Letter and Other Writings", pp.167~172 (2005), W. W. Norton
- Hemingway, Ernest, "A Moveable Feast" (1964), Charles Scribner’s Sons
- Kimmel, Michael S., "Manhood in America: A Cultural History" (1996), The Free Press
- Kimmel, Michael S., "The Making of Masculinities: The Men’s Studies", pp.121~154 (1987), Allen and Unwin
- Lacan, Jacques, "The Seminar of Jacques Lacan: The Ethics of Psychoanalysis 1959-1960" (1992), W. W. Norton
- Mizener, Arthur, "The Far Side of Paradise: A Biography of F. Scott Fitzgerald" (1951), Houghton Mifflin
- Nasio, Juan-David, "Five Lessons on the Psychoanalytic Theory of Jacques Lacan" (1992), SUNY Press
- Nowlin, Michael, "‘The World’s Rarest Work’: Modernism and Masculinity in Fitzgerald’s Tender Is the Night", College Literature, 25(2), pp.58~77 (1998)
- Parker, Richard, "All the Sad Young Men", pp.195~210 (2013), Alma Classics
- Rosenberg, Charles E., "Sexuality, Class and Role in 19th-Century America", American Quarterly, 25(2), pp.131~153 (1973)
- Salecl, Renata, "Sexuation", pp.297~316 (2000), Duke UP
- Sanderson, Rena, "The Cambridge Companion to F. Scott Fitzgerald", pp.143~163 (2002), Cambridge UP
- Žižek, Slavoj, "The Sublime Object of Ideology" (1989), Verso