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기회발견을 위한 행동패턴이 기회인식과 창업의도에 미치는 영향: 창업교육의 조절효과를 중심으로

The Influence of Behavior Patterns for Opportunity Discovery on Opportunity Recognition and Entrepreneurial Intention: Focusing on the Moderating Effects of Entrepreneurship Education

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초록

기회인식은 창업자와 비창업자의 차이를 설명하는 중요한 변수들 중 하나이다. 본 연구는 기회발견을 위한 행동패턴이 창업기회인식에 어떤 영향을 미치는지, 행동패턴 중에서 어떤 행동패턴이 기회인식에 상대적으로 큰 영향을 미치는지를 알아보았다. 그리고 기회인식이 창업의도와는 어떤 관계가 있는지도 함께 살펴보았다. 기회발견을 위한 행동패턴과 창업기회인식은 창업교육에 의해서도 많은 영향을 받을 것으로 예상되어 창업교육 참여가 기회발견을 위한 행동패턴과 기회인식 및 창업의도에 미치는 영향도 함께 탐구하였다. 대학생 427명을 대상으로 자료를 수집하였으며, 가설 검증을 위해 경로분석을 활용하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 기회발견을 위한 행동패턴은 기회인식에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 기회인식은 창업의도에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 응답자들을 창업교육 참여집단과 미참여집단으로 나누어 기회발견을 위한 행동패턴이 기회인식과 창업의도에 미치는 영향력을 비교해본 결과, 창업교육 참여집단에서 그 영향력이 상대적으로 높은 것으로 나타나 창업교육의 조절효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 창업기회를 발견하는 과정에 대한 이해가 얼마나 중요한지, 창업기회를 인식하는 능력 제고를 위해 창업교육을 어떻게 해야 하는지에 관해 논의하였다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to prove effectiveness of entrepreneurship education by examining the effects of founders’ behavior patterns for opportunity discovery and opportunity recognition on entrepreneurship intention along with the moderating effect of entrepreneurship education. 427 college students were surveyed and path analysis was used for hypothesis testing. The results of this study are as follows. First, behavior patterns for opportunity discovery have a positive effect on opportunity recognition. Second, opportunity recognition has a positive effect on entrepreneurial intention. Third, the effects of opportunity discovery behaviors and opportunity recognition on entrepreneurial intention were different for the group of entrepreneurship education participation versus the non-participation group. Based on the results of this study, we suggest not only the importance of the process of discovering start-up opportunities in the pre-start stage but also the necessity of developing effective entrepreneurship education to recognize the opportunity.

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