현대 태권도의 원류, 청도관의 개관에 관한 연구

Abstract

Amongst the five martial art schools (五大館) that established modern taekwondo, it is widely known as Chungdo-kwan (style) was the school that started first. However, even today, it is still unclear when and where the opening of the Chungdo-kwan took place, and so controversy persists. As resolving this issue is essential in establishing a more clear understanding of the details about the origin of modern taekwondo, a rigorous and academic research approach should be used to identify and clarify the details. This research aims to establish a more objective and thus widely accepted understanding of the foundational history of modern taekwondo by clarifying the date and place of the opening of Chungdo-kwan, which is considered the leading school among the five martial art schools. The research question is composed of three detailed topics. First, what are the existing theories about the opening of Chungdo-kwan and what evidence have been used to support these theories? Second, what limitations does the theory that the Yeongsin High School started Chungdo-kwan have? Third, what were the date and location of the opening of Chungdo-kwan. The research methods used in this study consist of historical research based on the positivism and interview methods. Regarding the first topic of the research question, three existing theories were considered. As for the second topic of the research question, the theory that the Yeongsin High School was the beginning of Chungdo-kwan contains fundamental limitations that can not be considered as an authentic history of the beginning of modern taekwondo. The theory is not only subjective but also inconsistent with interviews that appeared in Lee Won-kook's own textbook and various media outlets, which took place more than 20 years after the opening of Chungdo-kwan. Even though we take this theory as the Lee Won-kook’s statement, it can not be regarded as a formal lesson that the intermittent coaching activities were taking place at Yeongsin High School. However, there is no evidence that the school produced formal trainees as shown this research has five identified limitations. Regarding when the Chungdo-kwan was officially first opened, three recently discovered newspaper articles identify the date to be January 15th, 1946. As this date is stated in all three of the newspaper articles, it must be considered clear and objective evidence from reliable primary source materials, unlike subjective oral statements that are the basis of theories of its opening.