한국고대 교류와 갈등의 공간 -고구려발해와 강원도

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to disclose the life and history of Korean ancient people, who had lived in Gangwon-do, in their changes and meaning by focusing on the era when Yemaek people appeared, till the 7th century when Goguryeo people expanded their territory to Gangwon-do and made competition there, and North South States Period in time, and on Yeongdong and Yeongseo districts in space. First of all, Ye people couldn`t form a powerful united nation although they had an independent political force. Samguk Sagi mentioned all the people who didn`t establish definite political system in comparison with Three Kingdoms as Malgal (Mohe) people. In addition, considering that the wide range of Jung-do culture was confirmed, the head of Malgal people was written as Malgal`s chief, their settlement was confirmed but related central place wasn`t found, wars between Malgal and surrounding nations were written but diplomatic and economic relations between them were not found, it was supposed that Malgal people had a political system covering the central district of the Korean peninsular, but they could not reach to a nation like Three Kingdoms or a small country. Malgal people grew in the history of surrounding nations, while they were in conflict or interchange with other nations. Some people of Malgal became Hyunmin (Hyun`s resident) under the control of Nakrang, or had a correlation with small countries in Yeongdong region, or became Baekje people who created the basic culture of Baekje. Meanwhile, some people were subjected to Goguryeo people and were in the advance guard for them. At that time, the concept of frontier was not clear and specific national belongingness was indefinite, so Gangwon-do where Yemaek and Malgal people had lived was open space in all ways. Goguryeo people had expanded their territory to Gangwon-do in the 6th year (396yr) of King Gwanggaeto`s reign when they began to expand to the Han River basin. Since then, Gangwon-do had been an important base for Korean ancient history, because this district was located in the central and eastern area of the Korean peninsular, it had water systems for the North Han River and the South Han River which were the upper region of the Han River, and it included important sections for the traffic route of eastern coast. The traffic route connected from the North Han River`s water system to the South Han River`s water system was connected with the southwestern area of Gangwon-do. Ancient people might go from Hongseong, Heoingseong, Jecheon to Jukryeong through Chungju. This traffic route might be a route for the southward expansion of Goguryeo after the mid 5th century, and a route for the northward expansion of Silla after the mid 6th century. Finally, the geopolitical and strategic importance of Gangwon-do was also maintained in North South States Period. The land section of Silla Road, which was a route for the interchanges between Balhae and Silla, was divided into western road to pass through the upper region of the Han River and eastern road to traverse the eastern cost. The land section of Silla Road took over from a previous generation. In the end, ancient Gangwon-do was open space, and it was a space for the mutual interchange and conflict.