지역 개발사업을 둘러싼 개발과 보전에 대한 선호 비교: 새만금 개발사업에 대한 지역주민과 일반국민 간 인식을 중심으로
Preference Differences Between Development and Conservation in Regional Projects: A Comparative Study of Local Residents and the General Public Regarding the Saemangeum Development Project
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Most environmental conflicts are caused by competing interests between development and conservation. The Saemangeum development project has also been highly controversial due to the conflicting values of development and conservation, and the direction of the project has been constantly changing due to conflicting interests among stakeholders. This study employed choice experiments to evaluate preferences regarding the main components of the Saemangeum development project (industrial, renewable energy, and ecological sites, and so on) and aims to identify a viable consensus for the project's direction. The survey included 500 local residents and 1,000 non-residents of the Saemangeum area, utilizing a mixed logit model to estimate preferences and marginal willingness to pay. Results revealed that local residents favored development features, particularly the construction of an international airport, while non-residents showed stronger preference for environmental conservation elements such as renewable energy and ecological sites. Scenario analysis further confirmed this divide, with residents preferring development-oriented scenarios and non-residents favoring environmental conservation approaches. These results suggest the need to consider the perspectives of various stakeholders in the process of development projects, the need to develop a plan to mutually understand the interests of each stakeholder, and the need to actively invest in renewable energy and ecological land.
Abstract
Most environmental conflicts are caused by competing interests between development and conservation. The Saemangeum development project has also been highly controversial due to the conflicting values of development and conservation, and the direction of the project has been constantly changing due to conflicting interests among stakeholders. This study employed choice experiments to evaluate preferences regarding the main components of the Saemangeum development project (industrial, renewable energy, and ecological sites, and so on) and aims to identify a viable consensus for the project's direction. The survey included 500 local residents and 1,000 non-residents of the Saemangeum area, utilizing a mixed logit model to estimate preferences and marginal willingness to pay. Results revealed that local residents favored development features, particularly the construction of an international airport, while non-residents showed stronger preference for environmental conservation elements such as renewable energy and ecological sites. Scenario analysis further confirmed this divide, with residents preferring development-oriented scenarios and non-residents favoring environmental conservation approaches. These results suggest the need to consider the perspectives of various stakeholders in the process of development projects, the need to develop a plan to mutually understand the interests of each stakeholder, and the need to actively invest in renewable energy and ecological land.