전시체제기 인천지역 학생 노동력 동원

Abstract

Under ‘national total mobilization system’ of Japan’s colonialrule of Korea, students was a class to mobilize collectively instead of poor labor. The government-general in colonial Korea mobilized students by each school unit in the level of war labor motivation policy. It was rationalized as a part of education raising ‘Imperial subject’ escaping from evil customs of Joseon people disregarding labor. In the early wartime system, students were mobilized before/after 10day in vacation, and the mobilization period was increased from 30 days a year to four months a day. When mobilization of intensive labor such as the farmers’ busy season was necessary, they made students work even in semester. Students were mobilized for food production and public works by each school Labor Patriotism Corps. Most of students in Incheon were mobilized for saltpan and public works. In 1944, mobilization policy was strengthened. Students were mobilized continuously all through one year and [Student Labor Ordinance] was carried out. The right of students for learning was disregarded. They forced it with logic of ‘Labor is just education and a factory is just a school’. Middle school students in Incheon were mobilized to Incheon Military Arsenal and Joseon Machinery shop. Elementary school students were also mobilized for extension works of Incheon shrine and material collection to increase pine oil and compost. Mobilization of students in Incheon was carried out under mobilization plan of Gyeonggido. Gyeonggido took more initiative in execution of the policy than other areas. Mobilization of Incheon arsenal was propagated as a model case. Most of students in Incheon were relatively mobilized to factories or neighboring workplaces.