18세기 경기 화승 집단의 형성 배경 연구

Abstract

The increase in the number of monks in outskirts of Seoul(近機) in the 18th century is closely related to the military service of monks who built Bukhansanseong Fortress in the 18th century after building it in the 17th century. This is because the role of Buddhist army not only protects the Bukhansanseong Fortress and Namhansanseong Fortress , but also responds to various miscellaneous service and extra corvee Labor services occurring in nearby areas. In other words, since Buddhist army has to play various roles along with military service, it is thought that monk craftsmen such as monk painters were included in the transfer of Uiseung from the province. Later, in 1756, in the 32nd year of King Yeongjo's reign, the guardian monk of the fortress was hired by the "Seungbangbeonbyeonjeolmok(南北漢山城義僧防番 變通節目)" of the fortress, and local temples paid for the hired monks. Monk painters, which was included in the employment and participation of the Buddhist army, would also have settled for a long time. After the implementation of the Monk-Guard Obligations and Responsibilities Manual(義 僧防番錢制), monk painters, who moved from other regions to Nambukhansanseong Fortress, stayed for a long time, so it is estimated that he worked in groups with monks who originally lived in Nambukhansanseong Fortress or Gyeonggi Province. In particular, the opportunity for them to work as a group was naturally achieved by performing national services such as Royal tomb and Palace construction together. In addition, the relationship established in this way would have served as an opportunity for each monk painters to work together with the existing monk painters in Gyeonggi Province when they participated in the Buddhist service in the original area of the clan. This form is the name of the monk painters group called Gyeongseong Yanggong(京成良工), which was later recorded in the creation of the Namjangsa Gwaebul(南長寺 掛佛) in 1788, and is considered not to be irrelevant to participating in Buddhist activities in other regions. In this study, I suggest that Gyeonggi monk painters formed a new type of group that combines monk painters originally lived and Buddhist army’ painters by social changes such as the implementation of the monk military services and the Monk-Guard Obligations and Responsibilities Manual in 18th century. This is considered important in that it expanded from the study that Gyeonggi monk painters was previously formed around the region, suggesting a new idea that the unique monk painters of various regions would have converged around the region of Gyeonggi, changed, and interacted with other regions.