Flooding probability of conventional small-sized fishing vessels using a stochastic approach
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Capsizing represents one of the most fatal accidents in maritime operations, accounting for approximately 20% of all marine accident fatalities. In Korea, more than 96% of registered fishing vessels are classified as small-sized vessels (under 10 gross tonnages) and are thus excluded from mandatory stability and load line inspections. This regulatory gap, combined with structural characteristics such as low freeboard and simplified hull forms, makes these vessels highly vulnerable to capsizing. This study conducted hydrodynamic analyses of representative small-sized fishing vessels with conventional T-type and V-type hull forms, followed by a probabilistic analysis based on long-term wave scatter data from the Korean coast. Roll responses were compared across the different hull types, and the flooding criteria were defined based on the non-dimensional ratio of effective freeboard to depth (f/D’). The results indicated that V-type hulls exhibited significantly larger roll responses at shorter natural periods, whereas T-type hulls, despite their smaller roll responses, had stricter flooding thresholds owing to a lower freeboard ratio. Probabilistic analysis revealed significant flooding probabilities, with T-02 identified as particularly vulnerable. These findings provide fundamental insights for improving the safety guidelines and design of small-sized fishing vessels operating along the Korean coast.
Abstract
Capsizing represents one of the most fatal accidents in maritime operations, accounting for approximately 20% of all marine accident fatalities. In Korea, more than 96% of registered fishing vessels are classified as small-sized vessels (under 10 gross tonnages) and are thus excluded from mandatory stability and load line inspections. This regulatory gap, combined with structural characteristics such as low freeboard and simplified hull forms, makes these vessels highly vulnerable to capsizing. This study conducted hydrodynamic analyses of representative small-sized fishing vessels with conventional T-type and V-type hull forms, followed by a probabilistic analysis based on long-term wave scatter data from the Korean coast. Roll responses were compared across the different hull types, and the flooding criteria were defined based on the non-dimensional ratio of effective freeboard to depth (f/D’). The results indicated that V-type hulls exhibited significantly larger roll responses at shorter natural periods, whereas T-type hulls, despite their smaller roll responses, had stricter flooding thresholds owing to a lower freeboard ratio. Probabilistic analysis revealed significant flooding probabilities, with T-02 identified as particularly vulnerable. These findings provide fundamental insights for improving the safety guidelines and design of small-sized fishing vessels operating along the Korean coast.