Stability and hull characteristics of small sized fishing vessels below 10 GT according to hull type
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초록
Approximately 96% of fishing vessels registered in Korea are classified as small vessels with a gross tonnage (GT) of less than 10 tons, while accounting for more than 8% of total marine accidents. Despite this high accident rate, vessels shorter than 24 m are exempt from statutory surveys such as stability assessment and load line assignment, making it difficult to objectively evaluate their safety. This study aimed to classify the hull types of small fishing vessels, review International Maritime Organization and domestic stability standards, and conduct hydrostatic calculations for a representative hull type. The vessels were categorized into V-type, U-type, and T-type, with a clear transition from V-type to T-type observed as gross tonnage increased, the latter being dominant above 8 GT. Hydrostatic calculations for 28 vessels using the K-SHIP program indicated that the metacentric height (GM) ranged from 0.86 to 5.65. GM showed weak correlations with length and depth, but strong linear relationships with breadth/depth and breadth/draught ratios. V-type vessels consistently exhibited lower GM values compared to T-type vessels. The results not only suggest a practical method for estimating GM during the initial design and inspection stages, but also provide engineering contributions by offering a simple guideline for ship designers, an efficient tool for inspectors, and evidence to improve domestic stability standards in line with international practices.
Abstract
Approximately 96% of fishing vessels registered in Korea are classified as small vessels with a gross tonnage (GT) of less than 10 tons, while accounting for more than 8% of total marine accidents. Despite this high accident rate, vessels shorter than 24 m are exempt from statutory surveys such as stability assessment and load line assignment, making it difficult to objectively evaluate their safety. This study aimed to classify the hull types of small fishing vessels, review International Maritime Organization and domestic stability standards, and conduct hydrostatic calculations for a representative hull type. The vessels were categorized into V-type, U-type, and T-type, with a clear transition from V-type to T-type observed as gross tonnage increased, the latter being dominant above 8 GT. Hydrostatic calculations for 28 vessels using the K-SHIP program indicated that the metacentric height (GM) ranged from 0.86 to 5.65. GM showed weak correlations with length and depth, but strong linear relationships with breadth/depth and breadth/draught ratios. V-type vessels consistently exhibited lower GM values compared to T-type vessels. The results not only suggest a practical method for estimating GM during the initial design and inspection stages, but also provide engineering contributions by offering a simple guideline for ship designers, an efficient tool for inspectors, and evidence to improve domestic stability standards in line with international practices.