한중 근대문학의 두 개의 진화론과 주체론 — 루쉰과 이광수의 경우

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the modern ideas of Luxun and Lee Kwang-soo, the representative writers of modern Korean and Chinese literature, and to analyze the difference between the two people's evolutionary imaginations. After accepting the theory of evolution, Lee Kwang-soo and Luxun viewed humans and society according to the evolutionary perspective, and the ideas and literature of the two writers deeply permeated evolutionary imagination. There are many things in common in the evolutionary imagination of the two. In common, the two writers viewed humans and society according to biological perspectives, and evolution as basic principles of humans and society. However, Lee Kwang-soo dismantled cultural oppression and valued human emotions through human animal DNA in the perception that humans are animals. He aimed to create humans with emotions. Lee Kwang-soo thought that everyone's emotions were being suppressed, and that given an opportunity, everyone could turn into humans with emotions. It was because of his perception that the character in his novel “Mujeong (무정, 無情)” was drawn as a character familiar with change. Unlike Lee Kwang-soo, Lu Xun valued human cultural DNA. The bad cultural DNA of a particular nationality was considered to be transmitted to descendants due to cultural genetic diseases. Everyone thought they were suffering from genetic diseases because of the ideological and cultural inheritance inherited from their ancestors. In Luxun's view, the cultural disease of the Chinese is genetic, so it is not only a pre-modern Chinese disease, but also a modern Chinese disease. This is why the character in the Luxun novel “The Madman Diary (狂人日記)” appeared as a person who was wet with existing habitual perceptions and had no possibility of change. In order for Luxun to achieve the evolution of the nation in this state, it is important to change cultural DNA and to break off from the past culture that has been handed down from the past. This is why it is important for adults and older generations to disconnect from the past culture for the evolution of society. For Luxun, literature was the healing of the ideological and cultural genetic diseases of the Chinese.