아동양육 시설 중도퇴소 비행청소년에 대한 처우와 지원 : 이중지위 청소년
A study on dual status youth supporting system
1
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
부모의 유기, 가정해체, 아동학대와 방임, 부모의 사망 등으로 인해 보호자가 부재한 아동ㆍ청소년을 아동복지법상에서는 보호대상 아동이라 정의하고 아동양육시설, 공동생활가정, 위탁가정에 배치하여 이들을 양육하고 있다. 이러한 시설에서 양육되고 있는 가정외 보호 아동ㆍ청소년은 그 트라우마와 부정적 경험으로 인해 일반 가정의 아동ㆍ청소년에 비해 심리적 고통과 대인관계의 어려움, 학교부적응, 문제행동 등이 더 높게 발견되다. 궁극적으로는 비행에 연류될 가능성도 높아질 뿐만 아니라 문제행동으로 인해 시설장의 통고로 소년사법에 유입되게 된다. 미국과 영국, 캐나다, 독일 등은 아동양육시설에서 소년사법으로 유입된 아동ㆍ청소년에 대해 이중지위 청소년, 교차 청소년이라는 용어를 사용하며 이들이 처한 취약한 상황에 주목하며 효과적인 지원방안을 모색하고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 이중지위 청소년에 대해 우리사회가 어떻게 대응하며, 이들의 건강한 성장을 이끌어 낼 수 있는지에 대한 대응방안을 모색하는 것이다. 현재 가정외 보호 아동ㆍ청소년 현황, 가정외 보호 아동ㆍ청소년들이 소년사법으로 유입되는 경로와 현황, 이중지위 청소년에 대한 선행연구, 미국의 이중지위 청소년에 대한 지원사례 등을 검토하였다. 이러한 자료들을 토대로 이중지위 청소년에 대한 소년사법 전체의 대응을 위한 제언으로 이중지위 청소년에 대한 인식강화, 아동복지와 소년사법의 정보 공유틀 통한 이중지위 청소년에 대한 신속한 선별, 가정법원 소년부 내에 이중지위 청소년 전담팀을 구성, 이중지위 청소년의 특성을 고려한 맞춤형 처우 개발 등을 제시하였다.
Abstract
Currently, in our society there are 22,318 children and youth are housed in protective institutions, group home and foster care, due to the abandon, family disorganization, child abuse, parents’ death. As these children and youth have negative and traumatic experience, they are more likely to demonstrate stress, difficulties in personal relationship, school maladjustement, and delinquency. In addition, the “notification disposition” by directors of child care institution has caused “status offenders” to enter the juvenile justice system. Some countries, including USA, UK, Canada, and Germany have been focusing on these children and youth using the term “crossover youth” or “dual status youth” and developing system to address these youth. The purpose of this study is to explore how juvenile justice system response to dual status youth issue and provide effective policy implications. Current situations on children and youth in child care system, estimated dual status youth, previous research on dual status youth and US’ response to dual status youth are discussed in this study. Based on these, four policy implications are provided, including, raising awareness of dual status youth, developing swift identification system by sharing data between child welfare and juvenile justice, establishing special team for dual status youth within juvenile court, and developing special care for dual status youth.
참고문헌 (59)
- 강현아, "가정외 보호 청소년의 부정적사건 경험이 우울 및 불안에 미치는 영향과 보호요인의 조절효과", 청소년학연구, 19(3), pp.193~222 (2012)
- 권세은, "시설보호 이동과 일반아동의 사회적 기술, 정서조망 능력의 비교", 아동학회지, 23(2), pp.107~120 (2022)
- 김선애, "사회환경 변화에 따른 학령기 전후 아동의 놀 권리 확장을 위한 타당성 고찰", 유아교육보육복지연구, 23(4), pp.35~58 (2019)
- 김시아, "가정외보호 청소년의 소년법상 통고경험", 사회복지학과, pp.2021
- 노혜련, "육아시설 아동의 생활실태와 만족도에 관한 연구", 한국아동복지학, 6, pp.65~92 (1998)
- 박선영, "아동양육시설 청소년의 6호 및 소년원 퇴원과 자립", 소년보호연구, 35(1) (2022)
- 취약·위기 가정 양육역량 지원 방안 연구(Ⅰ): 위탁가정 양육역량 지원 방안, "배윤진", 육아정책연구소, ~ (2021)
- 서보준, "그룹홈 청소년과 일반가정 청소년의 일상생활스트레스가 학교생활적응에 미치는 영향에 관한 비교연구", 미래청소년학회지, 7(4), pp.1~26 (2010)
- 성미영, "시설보호 여부에 따른 아동의 정서성 발달과 내면화 및외현화 행동문제", 한국생활과학회지, (1) (2006)
- 아동복지시설 입소아동의 정서적 안정을위한 지원 연구, "양정선", 경기도가족여성연구원, ~ (2016)
- 가정 외 보호 아동의자립 준비 실태와 자립 지원 체계 개선 방안 연구, "이상정", 한국보건사회연구원, ~ (2019)
- 소년분류심사원인권조사, "이승현", 국가인권위원회, ~ (2018)
- 소년원 학생 재범방지 통합 프로그램 개발연구, "이유진", 한국청소년정책연구원, ~ (2020)
- 정선욱, "시설보호 청소년의 원가족 관계 경험이 심리사회적 적응에미치는 영향", 한국아동복지학, 14, pp.145~168 (2002)
- 정원철, "아동양육시설 청소년의 시설 적응 영향 요인", 청소년학연구, 21(3), pp.243~365 (2014)
- 아동청소년 인권보장을 위한 소년사법제도 개선연구, "최정규", 국가인권위원회, ~ (2018)
- Abram KM, "Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Trauma in Youth in Juvenile Detention", Arch Gen Psychiatry, 61(4), pp.403~410 (2004)
- Bala N., "Child welfare adlescent & The youth Justice systme: failing to respond effectively to crossover youth", Canadian Criminal Law review, 19(1), pp.129~151 (2015)
- Barth, R. P., "Institutions vs. foster homes: The empirical base for the second century of debate", ~ (2002)
- Baskin, D. R., "Child maltreatment, placement strategies, and delinquency", American Journal of Criminal Justice, 36(2), pp.106~119 (2011)[DOI]
- assessing Risk of Future Delinquency among Children Receiving Child Protection Services, "Bogie, A.", Children Research Center, National council on Crime and Delinquency, ~ (2011)
- Bollinger, J., "‘Examining the complexity of placement stability in residential out of home care in Australia : How important is it for facilitating good outcomes for young people’", Scottish Journal of Residential Child Care, 16(2), pp.1~15 (2017)
- Brown, S. M., "Parental buffering in the context of poverty: positive parenting behaviors differentiate young children’s stress reactivity profiles", Dev Psychopathol, 32(5), pp.1778~1787 (2020)
- Conger, D., "Reducing the foster care bias in juvenile detention decisions: The impact of Project Confirm" (2001), Administration for Children’s Services
- Corrado, R., "The overrepresentation of children in care in the Youth Criminal Justice System in British Columbia : Theory and Policy Issues", International Journal of Child, Youth and Fmily Studies, 1, pp.2 (2011), 99~118
- "Young adult outcomes of youth exiting depenꠓdent or delinquent care in Los Angeles County" (2011)[URL]
- Cutuli, J. J., "From foster care to juvenile justice : exploring characteristics of youth in three cities", Children and Youth Services Review, 67, pp.84~94 (2016)
- Dannerbeck-Janku, A., "A comparison of female delinquents : the impact of child maltreatment histories on risk and need characteristics among a Missouri sample", Laws, 3(4), pp.780~797 (2014)
- Farmer G. L., "Prevalence of Risk and Protective Factors for Homelessness among Youth in Foster Care", Child Welfare, 99(1), pp.1~24 (2021)
- Farrington, D. P, "Taking stock of delinquency: An overꠓview of f findings from contemporary longitudinal studies", pp.2003, Kluwer
- Ford JD, "Polyvictimization among juvenile justice-involved youths", Child Abuse and Neglect, 3(37), pp.788~800 (2013)[DOI]
- Glueck, S., "Of delinquency and crime: A panorama of years of search and research" (1974), Charles C. Thoma
- Good, A., "Five key learnings from a court-based crossover youth program", Children and Youth Services Review, 155 (2023)
- Haight, W., "Implementing the Crossover Youth Practice Model in diverse contexts : Child welfare and juvenile justice professionals’ experiences of multisystem collaborations", Children and Youth Services Review, 39, pp.91~100 (2014)
- Arizona dual jurisdiction study: Final report, "Halemba, G. J.", National Center for Juvenile Justice, ~ (2004)
- Halemba, G., "Models for change" (2011), National Center for Juvenile Justice
- Herz, D. C., "Addressing the needs of multi-system youth:Strengthening the connection between child welfare and juvenile justice", ~ (2012)
- Bridging two systems: Youth involved in the child welfare and juvenile justice systems, "Herz, D. C.", Georgetown dniversity, Center for Juvenile Justice Reform, ~ (2008)
- Herz, D. C, "Los Angeles County Juvenile Probation outcomes study, part II" (2016)
- OJJDP dual system youth design study: Summary of findings and recommendations for pursing a national estimate of dual sytem youth, "Herz, D. C", U.S. Deaprtment of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, ~ (2019)
- Huang, H., "The journey of dually ꠓ involved youth : the description and prediction of rereporting and recidivism", Children and Youth Services Review, 34(1), pp.254~260 (2012)
- The Effectiveness of Service Integration: Studying the Crossover Youth Practice Model, "Huang, Hui", Florida State University, Florida Institute for Child Welfare, ~ (2017)
- Jonson-Reid, M., "From placement to prison : The path to adolescent incarceration from child welfare supervised foster or group care", Children and Youth Services Review, 22, pp.493~516 (2000)
- Kolivoski, K. M., "P placement type matters : Placement experiences in relation to justice system involvement among child welfare-involved youth and young adults", Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 27(8), pp.847~864 (2017)[DOI]
- Lee, S.Y, "Differences in risk and protective factors between crossover and non-crossover youth in juvenile justice", Children and Youth Services Review, 58, pp.18~27 (2015)
- Lee, S. -Y., "Differences in risk and protective factors between crossover and non-crossover youth in juvenilejustice", Children and Youth Services Review, 58, pp.18~27 (2015)
- Loeber, R., "From juvenile delinquency to adult crime: Criminal careers, justice policy and prevention" (2012), Oxford University Press
- Malvaso , C.G, "The maltreatment-violence link: Exploring the role of maltreatment experiences and other individual and social risk factors among young people who offend", Journal of Criminal Justice, 55, pp.35~45 (2018)
- McFarlane, K, "Care-criminalisation : The involvement of children in out-of-home care in the New South Wales criminal justice system", Journal of Criminology, 51(3) (2018)
- Milne, L., "Diverse trauma profiles of youth in group care settings : A cluster analysis", Child Abuse & Neglect, 120, pp.105221~ (2021)
- Moffitt, Terrie E., "Adolescence Limited and Life Course Persistent Antisocial Behavior : A Developmental Taxonomy", Psychological Review, 100, pp.674~701 (2009)
- Postlethwait , A.W, "Gender variation in delinquent behavior changes of child welfare-involved youth", Children and Youth Services Review, 32(3), pp.318~324 (2010)
- Ryan, J. P., "Juvenile delinquency in child welfare: Investigating group home effects", Children and Youth Services Review (2008)
- Ryan, J., "Adolescent Neglect, Juvenile Delinquency and the Risk of Recidivism", Journal of Youth & Adolescence, 42 (2013)
- Ryan, J. P., "Child maltreatment and juvenile delinquency : Investigating the role of placement and placement instability", Children and Youth Services Review, 27, pp.227~249 (2005)
- Ryan, J. P., "Maltreatment and delinquency : Investigating child welfare bias in juvenile justice processing", Child and Youth Services Review, 29, pp.1035~1050 (2007)
- Siegel, G., "When Systems Collide: Improving Court Practices and Programs in Dual Jurisdiction Cases", Technical assistance to the Juvenile court, special project bulletin (2004), NCSS
- When Systems Collaborate: How Three Jurisdictions Improved Their Handling of Dual-Status Cases, "Thomas, D", National Center for Juvenile Justice, ~ (2015)
- Tyler P. M., "Youth needs at intake into trauma-informed group homes and response to services: An examination of trauma exposure, symptoms, and clinical impression", American Journal of Community Psychology, 64(3–4), pp.321~332 (2019)