『신곡Divina Commedia』을 통해 본 단테 시대의 사회 문화

Abstract

Based on Dante's statement in Heaven that his constellation was Gemini, scholars believe his birth date to be between May 21 and June 21, 1265. His father is said to have worked in land sales and Currency Exchange. In 1274, Dante met Beatrice for the first time at the age of nine and said: "Nine times after my birth the sky of light had returned almost to the same point, as regards its own rotation, when There before my eyes appeared the glorious lady of my mind, who was called by many Beatrice. Her name is known as Bice di Folco Portinari, and she married Simone dei Bardi di Bardi, an important family of Florence at the time. He was born in 1266 and died at a young age in 1290. Dante promised to marry Gemma di Mnetto Donati in 1277 and married her in 1285. It is said that he had three children, Jacopo, Pietro and Antonia, and some scholars maintain that he first had a son of name John. Among his closest friends were Gianni Alfani and Lapo Gianni, and he had a special relationship with Guido Cavalcanti as a literary scholar. It is known that in 1287 he stayed in Bologna and attended the university, where he became acquainted with the poetry of Guiniselli. This experience had a significant impact not only on Dante's 『 Vita Nova』 but also on 『Rima』. Dante experiences Beatrice's death at the age of about twenty-five and falls into deep grief. Subsequently he realizes that moral life is not perfect, he renounces the ideal love expressed through Beatrice and turns to philosophy. He studied theology by visiting the main religious institutions of Florence. Santa Maria Novella S followed the ideas of Albertus Magnus and Thomas Aquinas. The Dominican priests of the Cathedral of Maria Novella and Santa Croce S. were very interested in issues related to the drastic improvement of the corrupt religious world. Above all, I learn a lot from the Franciscan priests of the Cathedral of the Cross. Furthermore, thanks to the friendship he shared with Brunetto Latini, an expert in oral techniques and French literature, who like him taught him, it became an opportunity to deepen his philosophical studies. These things were done mainly after Beatrice's death, and were of great help in reinterpreting the literary experiences of her youth in 『Nuova Vita』. Academically, Dante diligently read and studied the Latin poets (Virgil, Horace, Ovid, Lucan, Cicero), and although he did not know Greek well, he studied the philosophy of Aristotle through the Latin translation and the annotations of Thomas (Inf. IV ). Furthermore, he dedicated himself to theological research, and in particular, in addition to the aforementioned Thomas and Albertus Magnus, he studied Boethius and Saint Augustine in depth. In the meantime, Dante also participated in the real politics of the time: in 1289 he participated as a knight in the battle of Campaldino and in the attack on the castle of Caprona against the Ghibellines of Arezzo, achieving victory. In 1295 Dante obtained the rank of noble by joining the guild of doctors and apothecaries, indispensable for his active political activity. Subsequently he becomes Priori, the highest position one can achieve as a citizen.