압록강 중상류 일대 고구려 성곽의 공간적 분포

Abstract

This study investigates the distribution patterns of Koguryo(高句麗) fortresses in the middle and upper reaches of the Amnok River(鴨綠江) to identify key transportation routes and infer the central hubs of regional governance during the period when this area was designated as a distinct administrative region. An analysis of the geographical and historical data reveals several strategic routes: from the Liudaohe(六道河) River through the Huanren Basin(桓仁盆地) to the Jian(集安) area via the lower Hunjiang(渾江) or Louhe(漏河) Rivers; a route that follows the Hunjiang River upstream from the Huanren Basin to Jian along the Xinkaihe(新開河) River; and pathways originating from the Wangqingmen(旺淸門) area near Xinbin(新賓) traveling southward along the Fuergang(富爾江) and Xinkaihe Rivers to the Tonggou Basin(通溝盆地), or following the Sankeyushuhe(三棵楡樹河) and Laguhe(喇蛄河) Rivers to the main Hunjiang River course in Tonghua(通化), then proceeding along the Qinghe(淸河) or Daluoquangouhe(大羅圈溝河) Rivers to Jian. As Koguryo reached the stage of needing to govern the middle and upper reaches of the Amnok River as a distinct region, it is believed that the kingdom constructed flatland fortresses as central governing hubs and, in response to changing circumstances, also built mountain fortresses that included valleys. Considering these developments, the appearance of ‘Mountain fortress + Flatland’ combinations suggests a high likelihood that these fortresses served as central hubs for regional control. In the Tonghua area, Jaansanseong Mountain Fortress was likely a key stronghold; in the Huanren Basin, Hagoseongjaseong Fortress; and in the area around the Hunjiang, Fuergang, and Xinkaihe Rivers, both Nahapseong Fortress and Paewangjo Mountain Fortress are presumed to have been central to the governance strategy. Additionally, the Donggoseongjayujuk Remains near the Fuergang River are believed to have been pivotal in this administrative structure. In addition, in the upper Reaches of the Amnok River, Yangmingoseong Fortress, the largest fortress in the region and located on the largest expanse of alluvial land, is believed to have functioned as a central hub.