미국과 영국의 테러조직 지정 및 관리에 대한 고찰

Abstract

The terrorist organization is a main component of terrorism. In order to meet the challenge coming from the terrorism, the detailed understanding of terrorist organizations is critical. In addition, the system for the effective monitoring and control of the terrorist organizations is urgently required. For this purpose, national governments such as the United States and the United Kingdom, maintain a designated or proscribed lists of terrorist organizations, where the proscription has a significant impact on the group's activities. The United States has designated a list of Foreign Terrorist Organizations (FTOs) since 1997. The FTOs are foreign organizations that are designated by the Secretary of State in accordance with section 219 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA), as amended. FTO designations play a critical role in his fight against terrorism and are an effective means of curtailing support for terrorist activities and pressuring groups to get out of the terrorism business. The United Kingdom also has monitored the activities of international and domestic terrorist groups with a lists of Proscribed Organizations. When reviewing potential targets, the United States looks not only at the actual terrorist attacks that a group has carried out, but also at whether the group has engaged in planning and preparations for possible future acts of terrorism. or retains the capability and intent to carry out such acts. The United Kingdom, according to the Terrorism Act, the Home Secretary has the power to maintain a list of proscribed groups that he believes are "concerned in terrorism". The act of being a member of, or supporting such a group, or wearing an item of clothing such as "to arouse reasonable suspicion that he is a member or supporter of a proscribed organization" is sufficient to be prosecuted for a terrorist offence. The control system of terrorist organizations of the both governments has been proved as an effective apparatus in the fighting against terrorism. The Republic of Korea has suffered from the increasing terrorist attacks since 2001. However, he has no control system of terrorist organizations. In this connection, the Republic of Korea should consider the system for designation of terrorist organizations to meet the terrorist threat effectively.