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경영자의 관점에서 바라본 사회책임경영이 조직만족도에 미치는 영향

The Impact of CSR on Employee Satisfaction : A Management's Perspective

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초록

2010년 11월 사회책임경영(CSR)의 국제표준인 ISO26000이 공식발표됨에 따라, 국내외 CSR 도입의 필요성이 화두가 되고 있다. 지금까지 CSR이 기업성과에 미치는 영향(비즈니스 케이스)에 대한 많은 연구가 이루어졌지만 아직까지 미완의 결론으로 남아있다. 최근 선행연구에서는 이해관계자 중 주주 및 고객 만족도 지표를 활용하여 비즈니스케이스를 입중하는데 집중되었으나, 본 연구에서는 대상을 종업원으로 확대하였다. 사회정체성이론을 적용하여 종업원의 소속기업의 CSR활동에 대한 평가가 종업원의 태도에 미치는 영향에 대하여 국내 제조업 기업을 대상으로 실증분석을 하였다. 분석결과, 첫째, CSR고평가그룹과 저평가그룹의 만족도가 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 있다고 확인되어 선행연구결과와 일치한다. 둘째, CSR에 대한 중요성을 부여하는 종업원의 경우 소속 조직의 CSR성과에 대한 인식에 따라 만족도가 달라짐을 확인하였다. 셋째, 종업원의 소속조직의 영역별 CSR활동에 대한 평가는 정도의 차이가 있지만 조직만족도에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사되어 CSR과 기업가치와의 연계성이 검증되었다. 본 연구는 CSR구성요인을 이해관계자 기반으로 개발하였다는데 차별성을 두며, 경영자의 관점에서 CSR인식과 종업원 행동과의 긍정적 연계성을 고려하여 적극적 내부 CSR 커뮤니케이션을 통한 종업원 만족도 제고방안을 고려할 필요가 있다.

Abstract

The official launch of the ISO 26000 Guidelines on Social Responsibility in November 2010 has triggered great interest among local and global businesses alike on the need for CSR. The “business case” for CSR remains illusive, however, despite the significant body of research carried out to date on the impact of CSR on a company’s performance. Moreover, although recent research has set out to build a conclusive business case using customer and employee satisfaction as key indicators, the majority of existing work has primarily been focused on customers and shareholders. Against this backdrop, this study has applied the “Social Identity Theory” to a local manufacturer to empirically validate the impact that an employee’s awareness toward CSR has on his or her attitude toward the company. The results of our analysis confirmed the following. First, a statistically meaningful difference was found between the “High CSR Awareness Group” and the “Low CSR Awareness Group”, which is consistent with leading research findings. Second, the level of employee satisfaction among those with a high appreciation for the importance of CSR, varied depending on the level of awareness their respective organizations had regarding the achievement of CSR outcomes. Third, a correlation between CSR and corporate value was established, as an employee’s assessment of CSR activities was found to have a positive impact on his or her company satisfaction levels. This research is different from prior work in that the components of CSR were developed centered around stakeholders. Conclusions of the study highlight the importance of improving employee awareness toward CSR as well as employee participation to corporate managers, while raising the need for companies to better engage their employees in CSR via internal communications.

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