리차드 마이어 백색건축에 나타난 구조주의적 공간체계 특성에 관한 연구

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) Richard Meier is the most important person among modern and contemporary architects who represents U.S.A. He accurately expressed white architecture, his own architectural form through the relational context of neighboring areas. His white architecture symbolizes the purity of origin. His expression of simple architectural space as the archetype pursues an absolute value in external and internal space. Richard Meier describes the void and fill of space and physical properties of water and light with esthetic and poetic expressions. Along with them, many philosophers and thinkers gave birth to structuralism, a philosophical idea. The dichotomy of relations and the entity of philosophical thought, such as the inside and the outside of a space, subjective idea and structural system, and human consciousness and unconsciousness were divided through phenomenological or interpretive thoughts or sometimes constituted an interrelated systematic frame through the philosophical concept of structuralism. This study aims to analyze contextual factors in depth, composing the system of architectural space, through Richard Meier's white architecture and the methodology and thoughts of structuralism, from the perspective of the philosophical concept of structuralism. (Method) This study initially analyzes the context of architecture with the methodology of structuralism, by summarizing synchronicity and diachronicity, the categorical characteristics of structural linguistics, paradigmatic and syntagmatic relationship, and the concept of metaphor and metonymy. First, it attempts to divide the thought of structuralistic philosophy into tangible and intangible spatial factors in the semiotic context, examine conscious contents and unconscious expression relationship in the context of psychological forms and investigate the logical characteristics of origin and change, in the context of relational substitution. Second, it aims to analyze the characteristics of architectural space based on key words of structuralistic architectural context by using 9 works representing for Richard Meier's white architecture around living, commercial and educational spaces: semiotic, innateness, regularity. transposition, metonymy, confrontation, intellectualism, geometry and rationality. (Results) This study thus analyzed neighboring local environment and historical temporal context as well as spatial system's characteristics appearing in Richard Meier's white architecture, based on the philosophical through of structuralism and the spatial relationship in the context of innate semiotic structures, metonymical transposition structure and geometrical intellectual structure. (Conclusions) There are philosophical characteristics of structure in the semiotic, psychological and relationship system of Richard Meier's white architecture, and metaphor and metonymy of close relationship among synchronic, diachronic, and paradigmatic and syntagmatic spaces are used. In addition, the linkage into the whole and sub-spaces for architectural arrangement has an intellectual system and is logical and reasonable. Richard Meier produced mathematic rules by using geometric factors and expressed users' spatial experiences through the transference of various visual-perceptual sense organs.