A Voice of Her Own: Ann Yearsley’s Journey of Poetic Independence
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Ann Yearsley, often referred to as the Bristol milkwoman, occupies a distinct place in the British poetic tradition. Above all, she, unlike many other laboring-class poets of her time, openly and frequently addresses political and societal issues in her works, reflecting her status as a respectable intellectual poet. In this essay, I explore Yearsley’s pursuit of intellectual independence and the strategies she adopted early in her career to navigate the constraints imposed upon her as a laboring-class poet. These strategies, I argue, are intricately linked to the notorious feud with Hannah More, who first discovered a “natural genius” in Yearsley. After demonstrating Yearsley’s strategies to establish herself as an independent poet, I examine her later poems that illustrate the unique vision she offers the British nation with her hard-earned right to express her thoughts. This vision, supported through her experience as a laboring-class poet, questions and challenges the status quo by ironically appropriating the middle-class discourse. I show that Yearsley’s ambitious poetry, grounded in her singular place as both an authoritative intellectual and a laboring-class woman poet, is an original contribution and a valuable addition to the poetic tradition in the long eighteenth century.
Abstract
Ann Yearsley, often referred to as the Bristol milkwoman, occupies a distinct place in the British poetic tradition. Above all, she, unlike many other laboring-class poets of her time, openly and frequently addresses political and societal issues in her works, reflecting her status as a respectable intellectual poet. In this essay, I explore Yearsley’s pursuit of intellectual independence and the strategies she adopted early in her career to navigate the constraints imposed upon her as a laboring-class poet. These strategies, I argue, are intricately linked to the notorious feud with Hannah More, who first discovered a “natural genius” in Yearsley. After demonstrating Yearsley’s strategies to establish herself as an independent poet, I examine her later poems that illustrate the unique vision she offers the British nation with her hard-earned right to express her thoughts. This vision, supported through her experience as a laboring-class poet, questions and challenges the status quo by ironically appropriating the middle-class discourse. I show that Yearsley’s ambitious poetry, grounded in her singular place as both an authoritative intellectual and a laboring-class woman poet, is an original contribution and a valuable addition to the poetic tradition in the long eighteenth century.
참고문헌 (26)
- Andrews, Kerri, "Ann Yearsley : A Literary Career Reconsidered", Literature Compass, 5(1), pp.90~105 (2008)
- Andrews, Kerri, "New Letters, New Poems : Ann Yearsley in Context", Women’s Writing, 17(1), pp.185~195 (2010)
- Burke, Tim, "Early Romantics: Perspective in British Poetry from Pope to Wordsworth", pp.215~230 (1998), Palgrave Macmillan
- Cairnie, Julie, "The Ambivalence of Ann Yearsley : Laboring and Writing, Submission and Resistance", Nineteenth-Century Contexts, 27(4), pp.353~364 (2005)
- Carey, Brycchan, "The Poetics of Radical Abolitionism : Ann Yearsley’s Poem On the Inhumanity of the Slave Trade", Tulsa Studies in Women’s Literature, 34(1), pp.89~105 (2015)
- Christmas, William J., "The Lab’ring Muses: Work, Writing and the Social Order in English Plebeian Poetry, 1730-1830" (2001), U of Delaware P
- Copley, Stephen, "Commerce, Conversation and Politeness in the Early Eighteenth-Century Periodical", British Journal for Eighteenth-Century Periodical, 18(1), pp.63~77 (1995)
- Ferguson, Moira, "Resistance and Power in the Life and Writings of Ann Yearsley", The Eighteenth Century, 27(3), pp.247~268 (1986)
- Jones, Philip D, "The Bristol Bridge Riot and Its Antecedents : Eighteenth-Century Perception of the Crowd", Journal of British Studies, 19(2), pp.74~92 (1980)
- Kahn, Madeleine, "Hannah More and Ann Yearsley : A Collaboration Across the Class Divide", Studies in Eighteenth-Century Culture, 25, pp.203~223 (1996)
- Kahn, Madeleine, "Approaches to Teaching British Women Poets of the Romantic Period", pp.141~147 (1997), The Modern Language Association of America
- Keegan, Bridget, "British Laboring-Class Nature Poetry, 1730-1837" (2008), Palgrave Macmillan
- Keohane, Catherine, "Ann Yearsley’s ‘Clifton Hill’ and its Lessons in Reading", Studies in Eighteenth-Century Culture, 41, pp.233~253 (2012)
- Klaus, H. Gustav, "The Literature of Labour : Two Hundred Years of Working-Class Writing" (1985), St. Martin’s P
- Knowles, Claire, "Ann Yearsley, Biography and the ‘Pow’rs of Sensibility Untaught!’", Women’s Writing, 17(1), pp.166~184 (2010)[DOI]
- Kord, Susanne, "Women Peasant Poets in Eighteenth-Century England, Scotland, and Germany: Milkmaids on Parnassus" (2003), Camden House
- Krishnamurthy, Aruna, "Introduction. The Working-Class Intellectual in Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-Century Britain", pp.1~24 (2009), Ashgate
- Landry, Donna, "The Muses of Resistance : Laboring-Class Women’s Poetry in Britain, 1739-1796" (1990), Cambridge UP
- Lonsdale, Roger, ed, "Eighteenth-Century Women Poets : An Oxford Anthology" (1989), Oxford UP
- Lonsdale, Roger, ed, "The New Oxford Book of Eighteenth-Century Verse" (1984), Oxford UP
- Rizzo, Betty, "The Patron as Poet Maker : The Politics of Benefaction", Studies in Eighteenth-Century Culture, 20, pp.241~266 (1991)
- Rose, Jonathan, "The Intellectual Life of the British Working Classes" (2001), Yale UP
- Shiach, Morag, "Discourse on Popular Culture : Class, Gender and History in Cultural Analysis, 1730 to the Present" (1989), Stanford UP
- Southey, Robert., "The Lives and Works of the Uneducated Poets" (1925), Oxford UP
- Waldron, Mary, "Lactilla, Milkwoman of Clifton : The Life and Writings of Ann Yearsley, 1753-1806" (1996), The U of Georgia P
- Yearsley, Ann, "The Collected Works of Ann Yearsley, 3 vols" (2014), Pickering & Chatto
