Transformación Colonial del Pasado Prehispánico: Quetzalcoatl, The Epic of American Civilization de José Clemente Orozco y Terra Nostra de Carlos Fuentes
The Colonial Transformation of the Prehispanic Past: Quetzalcoatl, Orozco’s The Epic of American Civilization, and Fuentes’s Terra Nostra
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In the typical version of Aztec culture and history, Quetzalcoatl has been described as a symbol of peace and civilization in contrast to other indigenous gods such as Tezcatlipoca and Huitzilopochtli that are associated with human sacrifice and militarism. In this article, however, I argue that the peaceful and civilized image of Quetzalcoatl originated in the colonial period, and later scholars, writers, and painters have simply recycled and further elaborated on this image according to their ideological perspectives. By analyzing the origin and continued use of the colonized image of Quetzalcoatl and then applying this analysis to two specific works of the twentieth century, The Epic of American Civilization, painted by José Clemente Orozco, and Terra Nostra, written by Carlos Fuentes, this article demonstrates how Pre-Hispanic indigenous traditions have been colonized from the conquest to the present.
Abstract
In the typical version of Aztec culture and history, Quetzalcoatl has been described as a symbol of peace and civilization in contrast to other indigenous gods such as Tezcatlipoca and Huitzilopochtli that are associated with human sacrifice and militarism. In this article, however, I argue that the peaceful and civilized image of Quetzalcoatl originated in the colonial period, and later scholars, writers, and painters have simply recycled and further elaborated on this image according to their ideological perspectives. By analyzing the origin and continued use of the colonized image of Quetzalcoatl and then applying this analysis to two specific works of the twentieth century, The Epic of American Civilization, painted by José Clemente Orozco, and Terra Nostra, written by Carlos Fuentes, this article demonstrates how Pre-Hispanic indigenous traditions have been colonized from the conquest to the present.
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